Response Surface Optimization and Kinetics of Isopropyl Palmitate Synthesis using Homogeneous Acid Catalyst
-
Vishal S. Chandane
,
Kailas L. Wasewar
Abstract
Fatty acid esters (FAE) are widely applied in the field of cosmetics, personal care products and various other allied applications. This work describes the synthesis of isopropyl palmitate (FAE) by esterification of palmitic acid with isopropyl alcohol catalyzed by p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TSA) in a batch reactor. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) was employed to design the experiments as well as to optimize the conversion of palmitic acid. The effects of various process parameters namely catalyst amount, molar ratio of alcohol to acid and reaction temperature on conversion of palmitic acid were evaluated. The high correlation coefficient (R2=0.973) between model and experimental data indicated that the data fitted well in the model. The optimal process conditions were found to be, catalyst amount of 5 % (wt/wt), molar ratio of alcohol to acid of 7:1 and temperature of 82 °C. Moreover, the kinetic model was developed at these optimized process conditions using second order kinetics and validated with experimental results. The kinetic model and experimental results were found to be in good agreement. The kinetic rate constants and equilibrium constant increased with increase in temperature. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor were found to be 45.21 kJ mol−1 and 1.96×105 L mol−1 h−1 respectively. The optimized process parameters obtained from RSM, equilibrium rate constants and the parameters evaluated from kinetic model may be useful for the simulation of pervaporation reactor and reactive distillation column for the synthesis of isopropyl palmitate.
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© 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Research Articles
- CFD Simulation of Propane Thermal Cracking Furnace and Reactor: A Case Study
- Enhancement of Laminar Flow and Mixing Performance in a Lightnin Static Mixer
- Bubble Motion and Gas-Liquid Mixing in Metallurgical Reactor with a Top Submerged Lance
- Response Surface Optimization and Kinetics of Isopropyl Palmitate Synthesis using Homogeneous Acid Catalyst
- Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Using High Surface Area Activated Carbons from Local Coals Modified by KOH, NaOH and ZnCl2 Agents
- Pyrolysis of Agricultural Biomass using an Auger Reactor: A Parametric Optimization
- Computational Modeling and Analysis of Fluid Structure Interaction in Micromixers with Deformable Baffle
- The Maximum Mixedness Model Applied with Detailed Reaction Mechanisms
- Granular Flow of Corn Stover Particles in a Helical Ribbon Stirred Tank
- Soret and Dufour Effects on Three Dimensional Upper-Convected Maxwell Fluid with Chemical Reaction and Non-Linear Radiative Heat Flux
- Experimental and Modeling Study of Esterification Reaction for Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate: Desirability Function Approach for Optimization and Prediction Comparative Study of RSM and ANN
- Nano-12-Tungstophosporic Acid Cesium Salt Synthesized by Ultrasound as Catalyst for Alkylation of Benzene with dec-1-ene
- Effect of Modified Sludge on the Particles Flocculation and Slurry Stability in the Co-slurry of Sludge and Petroleum Coke
- Short Communications
- Binary Isotherm Modeling for Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Model Fuel by Zinc Loaded Activated Carbon
- Advance Microfluidic Approach over Conventional Batch and CTR for Improving the Efficiency of E-coli Cell Lysis by CuO Nanoparticles
Articles in the same Issue
- Research Articles
- CFD Simulation of Propane Thermal Cracking Furnace and Reactor: A Case Study
- Enhancement of Laminar Flow and Mixing Performance in a Lightnin Static Mixer
- Bubble Motion and Gas-Liquid Mixing in Metallurgical Reactor with a Top Submerged Lance
- Response Surface Optimization and Kinetics of Isopropyl Palmitate Synthesis using Homogeneous Acid Catalyst
- Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Using High Surface Area Activated Carbons from Local Coals Modified by KOH, NaOH and ZnCl2 Agents
- Pyrolysis of Agricultural Biomass using an Auger Reactor: A Parametric Optimization
- Computational Modeling and Analysis of Fluid Structure Interaction in Micromixers with Deformable Baffle
- The Maximum Mixedness Model Applied with Detailed Reaction Mechanisms
- Granular Flow of Corn Stover Particles in a Helical Ribbon Stirred Tank
- Soret and Dufour Effects on Three Dimensional Upper-Convected Maxwell Fluid with Chemical Reaction and Non-Linear Radiative Heat Flux
- Experimental and Modeling Study of Esterification Reaction for Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate: Desirability Function Approach for Optimization and Prediction Comparative Study of RSM and ANN
- Nano-12-Tungstophosporic Acid Cesium Salt Synthesized by Ultrasound as Catalyst for Alkylation of Benzene with dec-1-ene
- Effect of Modified Sludge on the Particles Flocculation and Slurry Stability in the Co-slurry of Sludge and Petroleum Coke
- Short Communications
- Binary Isotherm Modeling for Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Model Fuel by Zinc Loaded Activated Carbon
- Advance Microfluidic Approach over Conventional Batch and CTR for Improving the Efficiency of E-coli Cell Lysis by CuO Nanoparticles
