Violence depicted in advertisements on LinkNYC kiosks in Manhattan, New York City
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Corey Hannah Basch
,
Michael LeBlanc
Abstract
Violence has a profound negative impact on the lives of youth. Exposure to violence may be a precursor to violence later in life. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to estimate the prevalence of violence depicted in advertisements on LinkNYC kiosks in Manhattan, NYC, and (2) to determine if violent advertising varied based on the median annual income of the zip code in which the kiosk was located. This cross-sectional study involved observations of advertisements on 100 LinkNYC kiosks that were selected randomly from 500 that were listed in Manhattan, NYC. The frequency and type of violent depictions were recorded. The kiosks were grouped into quartiles of median annual income (1) $40,782 and below (2) $40,783 to $86,801 (3) $86,802 to $105,500 and (4) $105,501 and above. Of the 2025 total advertisements observed, including duplicates, a total of 190 (9.4%) included violent content. These 190 advertisements were observed on 68 of the 100 kiosks and included 339 depictions of violence. The overwhelming majority (n = 136; 71.6%) of violent depictions were for movies. There were significant differences in the frequency of violent content based on income quartiles, χ2 (3, n = 190) = 19.00, p < 0.001. The highest two income quartiles had fewer violent advertisements than would be expected and the lowest quartile had more violent advertisements than expected. Symbols of violence were the most frequent type of violence portrayed observed in 85% of the violent advertisements observed (n = 161). Weapons, crime and fighting were observed in 5–11% of the advertisements. Our study suggests that greater alignment between the city’s aims to improve community health and reduce health disparities and advertising policies on LinkNYC warrants consideration.
References
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©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Awareness and practices of menstrual hygiene among females of reproductive age in rural Puducherry – a mixed method study
- Many hours of watching medical TV shows is associated with greater medical knowledge
- Spatio-temporal trends in the risk of adolescent pregnancy in Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2000–2015
- Sexual behaviour and its correlates among adolescents in Brunei Darussalam
- The relationship between anxiety and social support in male and female students in high schools in the southeast of Iran
- Cannabis and amphetamine use and socio-ecological (proximal and distal) factors among school-going adolescents in four countries in the Caribbean and four countries in South America
- Gender differences in concussion-related knowledge, attitudes and reporting-behaviours among high school student-athletes
- Determinants of overweight and obesity among urban school-going children and adolescents: a case-control study in Bangladesh
- Addiction to the Internet and mobile phones and its relationship with loneliness in Iranian adolescents
- Prevalence and associated factors for social phobia among school-going adolescents in a rural area of Puducherry, South India
- Self-efficacy of osteoporosis preventive behaviors and its predictors in Iranian adolescents
- Prevalence of pediculosis and its related factors among primary school girls in the north of Iran
- Risk behaviors in adolescence – a study in a Portuguese health unit
- Statistical analysis for the impact of smoking on the behavior and health of Qatari adolescents
- Risk behaviors screening in Thai adolescents with acute and chronic illnesses
- Prenatal and early life origins of adolescence sleep problems: evidence from a birth cohort
- Intake of fruit, vegetables and milk products and correlates among school boys in Saudi Arabia
- Determinants of early marriage among female adolescent in Indonesia
- Social health needs of Iranian male adolescents
- Radiation and its associated health risks: assessment of knowledge and risk perception among adolescents and young adults in Saudi Arabia
- What does social media have to do with health? A case study of Bangkok youths
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- Prevalence of traumatic injuries to the anterior teeth among 3–17-year-old school children of Indore and correlating it with Kuppuswamy SES, occlusal relationship and ascertaining percentage of those seeking the treatment
- Impaired dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis in pubertal gynecomastia
- Can upper limb taping or exercises improve hand function, writing speed and self-perception of performance in adolescent school children?
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- Depression in a sample of Tunisian adolescents: prevalence, associated factors and comorbidity with anxiety disorders
- Predictors of sexual function in pregnant Iranian adolescents
- Spiritual belief and its link with potentially addictive behaviors in a youth sample in Switzerland
- Short Communications
- Violence depicted in advertisements on LinkNYC kiosks in Manhattan, New York City
- Major food groups contributing to sodium intake in school-attending adolescents
