Relationships between metabolic profile, hypertension and uric acid with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with abdominal obesity: impact of geodemographic factors on the prevalence of abdominal obesity

References

[1] Spolidoro JV, Pitrez Filho ML, Vargas LT, Santana JC, Pitrez E, Hauschild JA, et al. Waist circumference in children and adolescents correlate with metabolic syndrome and fat deposits in young adults. Clin Nutr. 2013;32:93–7.10.1016/j.clnu.2012.05.020Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[2] Singh R, Bhansali A, Sialy R, Aggarwal A. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents from a north Indian population. Diabet Med. 2007;24:195–9.10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02066.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[3] Roriz AK, Passos LC, de Oliveira CC, Eickemberg M, Moreira Pde A, Sampaio LR. Evaluation of the accuracy of anthropometric clinical indicators of visceral fat in adults and elderly. PLoS One. 2014;9:e103499.10.1371/journal.pone.0103499Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[4] Schroder H, Ribas L, Koebnick C, Funtikova A, Gomez SF, Fito M. Prevalence of abdominal obesity in Spanish children and adolescents. Do we need waist circumference measurements in pediatric practice? PLoS One. 2014;9:e87549.10.1371/journal.pone.0087549Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[5] Khoury M, Manlhiot C, McCrindle BW. Role of the waist/height ratio in the cardiometabolic risk assessment of children classified by body mass index. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:742–51.10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.026Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[6] Bahchachi N, Dahel-Mekhancha CC, Rolland-Cachera MF, Badis N, Roelants M, Hauspie R, et al. Weight and height local growth charts of Algerian children and adolescents (6–18 years of age). Arch Pediatr. 2016;23:340–7.10.1016/j.arcped.2015.12.015Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[7] Daoudi H, Lakehal A, Sayed A, Rouabah A, Zaamouche A, Rouabah L. Frequency of obesity and eating habits among teenagers of constantine, algeria. World J Pharm Res (WJPR). 2014;4(1):70–83.Search in Google Scholar

[8] Global School-based Student Health Survey. Algeria Rural. WHO; 2011.Search in Google Scholar

[9] Service of epidemiology and preventive medicine. Study of overweight, obesity and factors associated with overweight among junior students enrolled in public colleges. Public Establishment of Proximity Health-Bouzareah (Algeria); 2011.Search in Google Scholar

[10] Luciano R, Shashaj B, Spreghini M, Del Fattore A, Rustico C, Wietrzykowska Sforza R, et al. Percentiles of serum uric acid and cardio- metabolic abnormalities in obese Italian children and adolescents. Ital J Pediatr. 2017;43:3.10.1186/s13052-016-0321-0Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[11] Peng TC, Wang CC, Kao TW, Chan JY, Yang YH, Chang YW, et al. Relationship between hyperuricemia and lipid profiles in US adults. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:127596.10.1155/2015/127596Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[12] STEP wise approach to chronic disease risk factor, surveillance (STEPS). Measurement of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in two wilaya in Algeria. WHO; 2005.Search in Google Scholar

[13] Ghomari-Boukhatem H, Bouchouicha A, Mekki K, Chenni K, Belhadj M, Bouchenak M. Blood pressure, dyslipidemia and inflammatory factors are related to body mass index in scholar adolescents. Arch Med Sci. 2017;13:46–52.10.5114/aoms.2017.64713Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[14] Benmohammed K, Valensi P, Benlatreche M, Nguyen MT, Benmohammed F, Paries J, et al. Anthropometric markers for detection of the metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Diabetes Metab. 2015;41:138–44.10.1016/j.diabet.2014.07.001Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[15] UNICEF. The state of the world’s children 11 – Adolescence an Age of Opportunity. New York ed.; 2011.Search in Google Scholar

[16] UNICEF. How to Weigh and Measure Children: Assessing the Nutritional Status of Young Children in Household Surveys. New York ed.; 1986.Search in Google Scholar

[17] Must A, Anderson SE. Body mass index in children and adolescents: considerations for population-based applications. Int J Obes. 2006;30:590–4.10.1038/sj.ijo.0803300Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[18] McCarthy HD, Jarrett KV, Crawley HF. The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0–16.9 y. Euro J Clin Nutr. 2001;55:902–7.10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601240Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[19] WHO. Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio: Report of a WHO expert consultation. Geneva: WHO; 2008.Search in Google Scholar

[20] Knopfholz J, Diniz Disserol C, Pierin A, Schirr F, Streisky L, Takito L, et al. Validation of the friedewald formula in patients with metabolic syndrome. Cholesterol. 2014;2014:1–5.10.1155/2014/261878Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[21] Shim YS, Baek JW, Kang MJ, Oh YJ, Yang S, Hwang IT. Reference values for the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Korean children and adolescents: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007–2013. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2016;23:1334–44.10.5551/jat.35634Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[22] Giannini C, Santoro N, Caprio S, Kim G, Lartaud D, Shaw M, et al. The triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:1869–74.10.2337/dc10-2234Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[23] Olson K, Hendricks B, Murdock DK. The triglyceride to HDL ratio and its relationship to insulin resistance in pre- and postpubertal children: observation from the Wausau School Project. Cholesterol. 2012;28:e794252.10.1155/2012/794252Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[24] Disse E, Elisha B, Fellahi S, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Laville M, Bastard J. Estimer la sensibilité à l’insuline : trop d’outils tuent-ils l’outil? Obésité. 2013;8:141–9.10.1007/s11690-013-0367-8Search in Google Scholar

[25] National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report. Pediatrics. 2011;128(Suppl 5):S213–56.10.1542/peds.2009-2107CSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[26] Guo X, Zheng L Li Y, Zhang X, Yu S, Sun Y. Blood pressure to height ratio: a novel method for detecting hypertension in paediatric age groups. Paediatr Child Health. 2013;18:65–9.10.1093/pch/18.2.65Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[27] National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;114:555–76.10.1542/peds.114.S2.555Search in Google Scholar

[28] Program NHBPE. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. National Institutes of Health. 2004. pp. 1–104.Search in Google Scholar

[29] Forkert E, Rendo-Urteaga T, Nascimento-Ferreira M, Moraes A, Moreno L, de Carvalho H. Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents, are we aware of their relevance? Nutrire. 2015;41:15.10.1186/s41110-016-0017-7Search in Google Scholar

[30] Weber DR, Moore RH, Leonard MB, Zemel BS. Fat and lean BMI reference curves in children and adolescents and their utility in identifying excess adiposity compared with BMI and percentage body fat. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98:49–56.10.3945/ajcn.112.053611Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[31] Cho WK, Kim H, Lee HY, Han KD, Jeon YJ, Jung IA, et al. Insulin resistance of normal weight central obese adolescents in Korea stratified by waist to height ratio: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008–2010. Int J Endocrinol. 2015;2015:158758.10.1155/2015/158758Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[32] Zhang YX, Zhao JS, Chu ZH. More attention should be paid to monitoring of abdominal obesity among children and adolescents. Ann Nutr Metab. 2016;69:212–4.10.1159/000452961Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[33] Hatch-Stein JA, Kelly A, Gidding SS. Zemel BS, Magge SN. Sex differences in the associations of visceral adiposity, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and body mass index with lipoprotein subclass analysis in obese adolescents. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10:757–66.10.1016/j.jacl.2016.02.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[34] Zhang YX, Zhao JS, Chu ZH, Tan HL. Prevalence and regional disparities in abdominal obesity among children and adolescents in Shandong, China, surveyed in 2010. Ann Nutr Metab. 2014;64:137–43.10.1159/000365013Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[35] Velluzzi F, Lai A, Secci G, Mastinu R, Pilleri A, Cabula R, et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Sardinian adolescents. Eat Weight Disord. 2007;12:e44–50.10.1007/BF03327590Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[36] Bacopoulou F, Landis G, Rentoumis A, Tsitsika A, Efthymiou V. Mediterranean diet decreases adolescent waist circumference. Eur J Clin Invest. 2017;47:447–55.10.1111/eci.12760Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[37] Kuciene R, Dulskiene V, Medzioniene, J. Association of neck circumference and high blood pressure in children and adolescents: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr. 2015;15:127.10.1186/s12887-015-0444-2Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[38] de Oliveira EP, Burini RC. High plasma uric acid concentration: causes and consequences. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2012;4:12.10.1186/1758-5996-4-12Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[39] Zimmet P, Alberti KG, Kaufman F, Tajima N, Silink M, Arslanian S, et al. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents – an IDF consensus report. Pediatr diabetes. 2007;8:299–306.10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00271.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed