On some cognates of Avestan hakat̰
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Marco Fattori
Abstract
This article deals with a number of Middle and New Iranian words of doubtful etymology for which a derivation from Ir. *hakat ‘together, at once’ is proposed. Its possible reflexes in Western Iranian witness a development towards a conditional or temporal meaning (Parth. ag ‘if’, NP aknūn ‘now’), but remnants of the old meaning ‘together’ can be identified in MP ag(e)nēn ‘together’ and in the Arm. loanword hakaṙak ‘opposite, against’. In Eastern Iranian it seems to have undergone grammaticalization and developed into a preverb (Khot. gga‑) or a preposition (Sogd. ku ‘towards’, Orm. ku- ‘to, on, etc.’, Ishk. kI ‘to, on, for’, Zeb. ka ‘id.’). Especially in this latter group of languages, Ir. *hakat shows an evolution largely comparable to that of *hačā ‘from’, which, according to most scholars, belongs to the same root.
© 2024 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Titelei
- Contents
- Rhotic metathesis in Gandhari
- The fronting of back vowels after *j in Slavonic
- On the etymology of Tocharian A śemäl ‘domestic animal’
- ‘A man of full-sin’
- Dative subjects in Gothic
- From oath to prohibition
- Khotanese ph‑ < Iranian *θu̯‑
- Evidence for a new pre-Proto-Indo-European sound law *-ē̆m > PIE *-ō̆m
- Celtic in Greek characters and implications for Greek and Celtic phonology
- On some cognates of Avestan hakat̰
- The life cycles of counterfactual mood in early Indo-European languages
- A missed regular sound change between Latin and French
- To compound or not to compound?
Articles in the same Issue
- Titelei
- Contents
- Rhotic metathesis in Gandhari
- The fronting of back vowels after *j in Slavonic
- On the etymology of Tocharian A śemäl ‘domestic animal’
- ‘A man of full-sin’
- Dative subjects in Gothic
- From oath to prohibition
- Khotanese ph‑ < Iranian *θu̯‑
- Evidence for a new pre-Proto-Indo-European sound law *-ē̆m > PIE *-ō̆m
- Celtic in Greek characters and implications for Greek and Celtic phonology
- On some cognates of Avestan hakat̰
- The life cycles of counterfactual mood in early Indo-European languages
- A missed regular sound change between Latin and French
- To compound or not to compound?
