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The Review of Female’s Intrasexual Competition of Birth and Motherhood in Digital Media

  • Qingxia Yin ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Karmilah Abdullah ORCID logo , Sharon Yong Yee Ong ORCID logo and Mohamad Ibrani Shahrimin Bin Adam Assim ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: April 24, 2025

Abstract

This comprehensive review employs a systematic literature review approach to explore female intrasexual competition in birth and motherhood within digital media. Literature was collected from databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and CNKI, using keywords like “intrasexual competition,” “motherhood,” “birth,” “digital media,” and “social media.” Articles were selected based on their relevance to the intersection of intrasexual competition, birth, motherhood, and digital media. The review investigates contexts where intrasexual competition and discrimination occur, highlighting their relevance to womanhood and the impact of cultural norms on competitiveness in birth and parenting. The biological perspective reveals how childbirth and motherhood influence a woman’s social standing, often leading to discrimination and competitiveness. Digital media introduces unique elements to this discourse, offering virtual communities for support and anonymity, while also posing challenges like misinformation and reinforcing stereotypes. Social media portrays an idealized image of motherhood, fostering inadequacy and increasing social pressure.


Corresponding author: Qingxia Yin, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, University Putra Malaysia, University Putra, UPM Kampus Bintulu Sarawak, Jalan Nyabau, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia, E-mail:

Acknowledgements

This paper represents a collaborative effort, and I would like to express my sincere gratitude to those who have contributed to its completion. I extend my deepest appreciation to my supervisors, whose expertise, guidance, and unwavering support have been instrumental throughout this research journey. Their insightful feedback and encouragement have significantly shaped the direction and quality of this work. They generously shared their experiences and perspectives, making this study possible. Their openness and honesty have provided the foundation for understanding the complex dynamics of female intrasexual competition related to birth and motherhood in digital media.

  1. Declarations: All individuals listed as authors qualify as authors and have approved the submitted version. Their work is original and is not under consideration by any other journal. They have permission to reproduce any previously published material.

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Received: 2024-10-19
Accepted: 2025-03-21
Published Online: 2025-04-24
Published in Print: 2025-07-28

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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