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Modular assembly of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase

  • Leticia Veloso Ribeiro Franco , Chen Hsien Su and Alexander Tzagoloff ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 6, 2020

Abstract

The respiratory pathway of mitochondria is composed of four electron transfer complexes and the ATP synthase. In this article, we review evidence from studies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that both ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase (COX) are assembled from independent modules that correspond to structurally and functionally identifiable components of each complex. Biogenesis of the respiratory chain requires a coordinate and balanced expression of gene products that become partner subunits of the same complex, but are encoded in the two physically separated genomes. Current evidence indicates that synthesis of two key mitochondrial encoded subunits of ATP synthase is regulated by the F1 module. Expression of COX1 that codes for a subunit of the COX catalytic core is also regulated by a mechanism that restricts synthesis of this subunit to the availability of a nuclear-encoded translational activator. The respiratory chain must maintain a fixed stoichiometry of the component enzyme complexes during cell growth. We propose that high-molecular-weight complexes composed of Cox6, a subunit of COX, and of the Atp9 subunit of ATP synthase play a key role in establishing the ratio of the two complexes during their assembly.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a National Institutes of Health Grant Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000057, 5R01GM111864 to A.T. and a FAPESP postdoctoral fellowship Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807, 2019/16015-3 to L.V.R.F.

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Received: 2020-01-13
Accepted: 2020-02-24
Published Online: 2020-05-06
Published in Print: 2020-05-26

©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Highlight: In Honor of Walter Neupert: Mitochondria
  3. Editorial
  4. Mitochondria and friends – a special issue in honor of Walter Neupert (1939–2019)
  5. Early steps in mitochondrial protein translocation
  6. From cytosol to mitochondria: the beginning of a protein journey
  7. Evolution of mitochondrial protein import – lessons from trypanosomes
  8. Protein import: crossing the outer membrane
  9. Biogenesis pathways of α-helical mitochondrial outer membrane proteins
  10. The structure of the TOM core complex in the mitochondrial outer membrane
  11. Porins as helpers in mitochondrial protein translocation
  12. Protein translocation beyond the outer membrane
  13. From TOM to the TIM23 complex – handing over of a precursor
  14. How to get to the other side of the mitochondrial inner membrane – the protein import motor
  15. The biogenesis of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins
  16. Protein import by the mitochondrial disulfide relay in higher eukaryotes
  17. Mitochondrial ultrastructure and dynamics
  18. The MICOS complex, a structural element of mitochondria with versatile functions
  19. Asymmetric inheritance of mitochondria in yeast
  20. Lipid transport and mitochondrial contact sites
  21. New horizons in mitochondrial contact site research
  22. The endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure: coordinating lipid metabolism across membranes
  23. Lipid homeostasis in mitochondria
  24. The biogenesis of enzymes
  25. Modular assembly of yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase and cytochrome oxidase
  26. From the discovery to molecular understanding of cellular iron-sulfur protein biogenesis
  27. Mitochondrial quality control
  28. Regulation of mitochondrial plasticity by the i-AAA protease YME1L
  29. PINK1 and Parkin: team players in stress-induced mitophagy
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