Abstract
Magnesium cation (Mg2+) is the most abundant divalent cation in living cells, where it is required for various intracellular functions. In chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, established photosynthetic model systems, Mg2+ is the central ion in chlorophylls, and Mg2+ flux across the thylakoid membrane is required for counterbalancing the light-induced generation of a ΔpH across the thylakoid membrane. Yet, not much is known about Mg2+ homoeostasis, transport and distribution within cyanobacteria. However, Mg2+ transport across membranes has been studied in non-photosynthetic bacteria, and first observations and findings are reported for chloroplasts. Cyanobacterial cytoplasmic membranes appear to contain the well-characterized Mg2+ channels CorA and/or MgtE, which both facilitate transmembrane Mg2+ flux down the electrochemical gradient. Both Mg2+ channels are typical for non-photosynthetic bacteria. Furthermore, Mg2+ transporters of the MgtA/B family are also present in the cytoplasmic membrane to mediate active Mg2+ import into the bacterial cell. While the cytoplasmic membrane of cyanobacteria resembles a ‘classical’ bacterial membrane, essentially nothing is known about Mg2+ channels and/or transporters in thylakoid membranes of cyanobacteria or chloroplasts. As discussed here, at least one Mg2+ channelling protein must be localized within thylakoid membranes. Thus, either one of the ‘typical’ bacterial Mg2+ channels has a dual localization in the cytoplasmic plus the thylakoid membrane, or another, yet unidentified channel is present in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes.
Acknowledgments
We thank Hildegard Pearson and Benedikt Junglas for discussions and carefully reading the manuscript.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Spotlight on biomembranes – the 11th Transport Colloquium
- ABCB4/MDR3 in health and disease – at the crossroads of biochemistry and medicine
- Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin: small pore, large consequences
- 19F NMR as a versatile tool to study membrane protein structure and dynamics
- Mg2+ homeostasis and transport in cyanobacteria – at the crossroads of bacterial and chloroplast Mg2+ import
- How RCK domains regulate gating of K+ channels
- Exofacial phospholipids at the plasma membrane: ill-defined targets for early infection processes
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands increase ABC transporter activity and protein expression in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) renal proximal tubules
- Organic anion transporters 1 and 3 influence cellular energy metabolism in renal proximal tubule cells
- CFTR structure, stability, function and regulation
- Homo- and heterodimerization is a common feature of the solute carrier family SLC10 members
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Cell Biology and Signaling
- Identification of the molecular determinants for nuclear import of PRV EP0
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Spotlight on biomembranes – the 11th Transport Colloquium
- ABCB4/MDR3 in health and disease – at the crossroads of biochemistry and medicine
- Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin: small pore, large consequences
- 19F NMR as a versatile tool to study membrane protein structure and dynamics
- Mg2+ homeostasis and transport in cyanobacteria – at the crossroads of bacterial and chloroplast Mg2+ import
- How RCK domains regulate gating of K+ channels
- Exofacial phospholipids at the plasma membrane: ill-defined targets for early infection processes
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands increase ABC transporter activity and protein expression in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) renal proximal tubules
- Organic anion transporters 1 and 3 influence cellular energy metabolism in renal proximal tubule cells
- CFTR structure, stability, function and regulation
- Homo- and heterodimerization is a common feature of the solute carrier family SLC10 members
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Cell Biology and Signaling
- Identification of the molecular determinants for nuclear import of PRV EP0