Abstract
The paxillin and M2 macrophage are all involved in cell proliferation and tumor progression, and this study aims to explore the interaction between them in colon cancer and the role of paxillin in cancer progression. Expression of mRNAs and proteins was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, separately. Endogenous expression of genes was modulated by recombinant plasmids and cell transfection. The levels of cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cell viability, invasion and migration were detected using the MTT assay, the transwell assay and the wound-healing cell migration assay, respectively. A nude mouse model for human colon cancer was constructed for tumor orthotopic expression. Paxillin was up-regulated in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Paxillin was up-regulated in process of M2 macrophage polarization. M2 macrophage polarization was inhibited with paxillin suppressed. Down-regulated paxillin inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in colon cancer through suppressing M2 macrophage polarization. PI3k/Akt inhibitor repressed M2 macrophage polarization through down-regulating paxillin. PI3k/Akt inhibitor inhibited the function of the macrophage in promoting cell proliferation and invasion of colon cancer through down-regulating paxillin. Down-regulated paxillin in macrophages inhibited tumor growth of colon cancer. With the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibited, down-regulated paxillin suppressed colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting the M2 macrophage polarization, thereby restraining the tumor progression.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
References
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©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Interaction of volatile organic compounds and underlying liver disease: a new paradigm for risk
- Five decades of research on mitochondrial NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I)
- Modifications in small nuclear RNAs and their roles in spliceosome assembly and function
- Minireview
- Transcriptional regulation of human defense peptides: a new direction in infection control
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Cell Biology and Signaling
- Down-regulated paxillin suppresses cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization in colon cancer
- p21Waf1 deficiency does not decrease DNA repair in E1A+cHa-Ras transformed cells by HDI sodium butyrate
- MAC30 knockdown involved in the activation of the Hippo signaling pathway in breast cancer cells
- Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling suppresses bone marrow stromal cells proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, and impairs bone defect healing
- IL-37 affects the occurrence and development of endometriosis by regulating the biological behavior of endometrial stromal cells through multiple signaling pathways
- Resveratrol alleviates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage: possible involvement of the AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy signaling pathway
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Interaction of volatile organic compounds and underlying liver disease: a new paradigm for risk
- Five decades of research on mitochondrial NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I)
- Modifications in small nuclear RNAs and their roles in spliceosome assembly and function
- Minireview
- Transcriptional regulation of human defense peptides: a new direction in infection control
- Research Articles/Short Communications
- Cell Biology and Signaling
- Down-regulated paxillin suppresses cell proliferation and invasion by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization in colon cancer
- p21Waf1 deficiency does not decrease DNA repair in E1A+cHa-Ras transformed cells by HDI sodium butyrate
- MAC30 knockdown involved in the activation of the Hippo signaling pathway in breast cancer cells
- Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling suppresses bone marrow stromal cells proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, and impairs bone defect healing
- IL-37 affects the occurrence and development of endometriosis by regulating the biological behavior of endometrial stromal cells through multiple signaling pathways
- Resveratrol alleviates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage: possible involvement of the AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy signaling pathway