Abstract
Cork and phloem from Pseudotsuga menziesii outer bark were separated, fractionated and the 40- to 60-mesh fractions chemically analyzed. Cork and phloem showed a different grinding behavior with the highest yields for cork and phloem, respectively, for the 40- to 60-mesh fraction (31.4%) and the <0.180-mm fraction (49.2%). Cork chemical composition was (% o.d. mass): ash 0.9%; extractives 29.2% (mostly polar, 23.5%); lignin 16.8%, and suberin 36.2%. Polysaccharides (16.9%) contained glucose (55.4% of total neutral carbohydrates), xylose (13.3%), mannose, arabinose, and galactose as minor components. Lipophilic and suberin extracts from cork and phloem were analyzed by GC-MS, directly and after alkaline hydrolysis. In cork, catechin was the major compound identified in the lipophilic extract, accompanied by ferulic acid and acylglycerols. In phloem, β-sitosterol was the major compound. The content of fatty alcohols and fatty acids increased after hydrolysis confirming their esterification in both extracts. Suberin from P. menziesii cork is rich in saturated ω-hydroxyacids (ω-hydroxyacids 36.2%, α,ω-diacids 18.6%, alkanoic acids 6.2%, and alkanols 8.7%), being different from suberin of Quercus suber where α,ω-diacids are dominant.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by FEDER funds through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors – COMPETE under the project NewCork 38363 and is part of the activities at the Strategic Project (UID/AGR/00239/2013) of Centro de Estudos Florestais, a research unit supported by the national funding of FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. We thank Joaquina Silva for her help in the chemical laboratory.
References
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©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Synthesis and enzymatic hydrolysis of a diaryl benzyl ester model of a lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC)
- Influence of chip presteaming conditions on kraft pulp composition and properties
- Isolating nanocellulose fibrills from bamboo parenchymal cells with high intensity ultrasonication
- Chemical improvement of surfaces. Part 4: Significantly enhanced hydrophobicity of wood by covalent modification with p-silyl-functionalized benzoates
- N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) – an efficient catalyst for acetylation of wood
- Silane nanofilm formation by sol-gel processes for promoting adhesion of waterborne and solvent-borne coatings to wood surface
- Mechanical properties of wood flour/poly (lactic acid) composites coupled with waterborne silane-polyacrylate copolymer emulsion
- Analysis of the open-hole compressive strength of spruce
- Characterisation of cubic oak specimens from the Vasa ship and recent wood by means of quasi-static loading and resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS)
- Strength properties and dimensional stability of particleboards with different proportions of thermally treated recycled pine particles
- Chemical characterization of cork and phloem from Douglas fir outer bark
- Wood microfibril angle variation after drying
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Synthesis and enzymatic hydrolysis of a diaryl benzyl ester model of a lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC)
- Influence of chip presteaming conditions on kraft pulp composition and properties
- Isolating nanocellulose fibrills from bamboo parenchymal cells with high intensity ultrasonication
- Chemical improvement of surfaces. Part 4: Significantly enhanced hydrophobicity of wood by covalent modification with p-silyl-functionalized benzoates
- N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) – an efficient catalyst for acetylation of wood
- Silane nanofilm formation by sol-gel processes for promoting adhesion of waterborne and solvent-borne coatings to wood surface
- Mechanical properties of wood flour/poly (lactic acid) composites coupled with waterborne silane-polyacrylate copolymer emulsion
- Analysis of the open-hole compressive strength of spruce
- Characterisation of cubic oak specimens from the Vasa ship and recent wood by means of quasi-static loading and resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS)
- Strength properties and dimensional stability of particleboards with different proportions of thermally treated recycled pine particles
- Chemical characterization of cork and phloem from Douglas fir outer bark
- Wood microfibril angle variation after drying