Home Cationization of Eucalyptus grandis 4-O-methyl glucuronoxylan for application as a wet-end additive in a papermaking process
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Cationization of Eucalyptus grandis 4-O-methyl glucuronoxylan for application as a wet-end additive in a papermaking process

  • Dirk Postma , Annie F.A. Chimphango EMAIL logo and Johann F. Görgens
Published/Copyright: November 19, 2013
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

Hemicelluloses extracted prior to kraft pulping can subsequently be introduced as wet-end strength additives in a papermaking process. The 4-O-methyl glucuronoxylan (Me-GluX) extracted from Eucalyptus grandis (E. grandis) under mild alkaline conditions was cationized and added to bleached kraft pulp (BKP) from E. grandis before refining. The cationization by 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (ETA) was done in a central composite designed experiment. Me-GluX with an average molecular weight of 52,000 g mol-1 contained 27% Klason residue. The cationic Me-GluX had degrees of substitution of the cationic side chain between 0.05 and 0.73 and uronic acid content between 6.1% and 12.7%. The cationic Me-GluX as a wet-end strength additive was compared to cationic starch (CatStarch 134) in handsheets. The handsheets with cationic Me-GluX showed improvement in tensile, burst, and tear indices and had lower air permeability than those with CatStarch 134 at dosages between 1.0% and 2.0%. Accordingly, cationized Me-GluX is a potential green wet-end strength additive, which could fully or partially replace the synthetic and starch additives.


Corresponding author: Dr. Annie F.A. Chimphango, Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602, South Africa, e-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank PAMSA and SAPPI for their financial support as well as for obtaining the initial samples. This work is based on the research supported in part by the National Research Foundation of South Africa through the Technology and Human Resources for Industry Program (THRIP) project number TP20090718000020. The grantholder acknowledges that opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in any publication generated by NRF-supported research are of the author(s) and that the NRF accepts no liability whatsoever in this regard.

References

Ahrenstedt, L., Okasanen, A., Salminen, K., Brumer, H. (2008) Paper dry strength improvement by xyloglucan addition: wet-end application, spray coating and synergism with borate. Holzforschung 62:8–14.10.1515/HF.2008.002Search in Google Scholar

Al-Dajani, W.W., Tschirner, U.W. (2008) Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses and subsequent kraft pulping. Part I: alkaline extraction. TAPPI J 7:3–8.Search in Google Scholar

Baeza, J., Urizar, S., Erismann, N.M., Frer, J., Schmidt, E., Duran, N. (1991) Organosolv pulping V: formic acid delignification of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus grandis. Bioresour. Technol. 37:1–6.10.1016/0960-8524(91)90105-SSearch in Google Scholar

Bigand, V., Pinel, C., Da Silva Perez, D, Rataboul, F, Huber, P., Petit-Conil, M. (2011) Cationisation of galactomannan and xylan hemicelluloses. Carbohydr. Polym. 85:138–148.Search in Google Scholar

Brienzo, M., Siqueira, A.F., Milagres, A.M.F. (2009) Search for optimum conditions of sugarcane bagasse hemicelluloses extraction. Biochem. Eng. J. 46:199–204.Search in Google Scholar

Chimphango, F.A., van Zyl, W.H., Görgens, J.F. (2012a) In situ enzymatic aided formation of xylan hydrogels and encapsulation of horse radish peroxidase for slow release Carbohydr. Polym. 88:1109–1117.10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.077Search in Google Scholar

Chimphango, F.A., van Zyl, W.H., Görgens, J.F. (2012b) Isolation, characterization and enzymatic modification of water soluble xylans from Eucalyptus grandis wood and sugarcane bagasse. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 87:1419–1429.10.1002/jctb.3761Search in Google Scholar

Chimphango, F.A., Rose, S.H., van Zyl, W.H., Görgens, J.F. (2012c) Production and characterisation of recombinant α-L-arabinofuranosidase for production of xylan hydrogels. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 95:101–112.10.1007/s00253-012-4018-zSearch in Google Scholar

Cotterill, P., Macrae, S. (1997) Improving eucalyptus pulp and paper quality using genetic selection and good organization. TAPPI J 80:82–89.Search in Google Scholar

da Silva, M.R., de Oliveira Machado, G., Deiner, J., Calil Junior, C. (2010) Permeability measurements of Brazilian Eucalyptus. Mater. Res. 13:281–286.Search in Google Scholar

Dahlman, O., Jacobs, A., Sjöberg, J. (2003) Molecular properties of hemicelluloses located in the surface of inner layers of hardwood and softwood pulps. Cellulose. 10:325–334.10.1023/A:1027316926308Search in Google Scholar

Daus, S., Heinze, T. (2009) Xylan-based nanoparticles: prodrugs for ibuprofen release. Macromol. Biosci. 10:211–220.Search in Google Scholar

Dautzenberg, G., Gerhardt, M., Kamm, B. (2011) Bio based fuels and fuel additives from lignocellulose feedstock via the production of levulinic acid and furfural. Holzforschung 65:439–451.10.1515/hf.2011.081Search in Google Scholar

Ebringerová, A., Heinze, T. (2000) Xylan and xylan derivatives – biopolymers with valuable properties, 1. Naturally occuring xylans structures, isolation procedures and properties. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 22:542–556.10.1002/1521-3927(20000601)21:9<542::AID-MARC542>3.0.CO;2-7Search in Google Scholar

Emmel, A., Mathias, A.L., Wypych, F., Ramos, L.P. (2003) Fractionation of Eucalyptus grandis chips by dilute acid-catalysed steam explosion. Bioresour. Technol. 86:105–115.Search in Google Scholar

Fengel, D., Wegener, G. Wood – Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions. De Gruyter, Berlin, 1989.Search in Google Scholar

Gatenholm, P., Tenkanen, M. Hemicelluloses: Science and Technology. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2004.10.1021/bk-2004-0864Search in Google Scholar

González Alriols, M., García, A., Llano-ponte, R., Labidi, J. (2010) Combined organosolv and ultrafiltration lignocellulosic biorefinery process. Chem. Eng. J. 157:113–120.Search in Google Scholar

Gröndahl, M., Eriksson, L., Gatenholm, P. (2004) Material properties of plasticised hardwood xylans for potential applications as oxygen barrier films. Biomacromolecules 5:1528–1535.10.1021/bm049925nSearch in Google Scholar

Gütsch, J.S., Sixta, H. (2011) Purification of Eucalyptus globulus water prehydrolyzates using the HiTAC process (high-temperature adsorption on activated charcoal). Holzforschung 65:511–518.10.1515/hf.2011.065Search in Google Scholar

Hinkelmann, K., Kempthorne, O. Design and Analysis of Experiments. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2008.10.1002/9780470191750Search in Google Scholar

Höije, A., Gröndahl, M., Tømmeraas, K., Gatenholm, P. (2005) Isolation and characterization of physicochemicals and material properties of arabinoxylans from barley husks. Carbohydr. Polym. 61:266–275.Search in Google Scholar

Holik, H. Handbook of Paper and Board. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2006.Search in Google Scholar

Hörhammer, H., Walton, S., van Heiningen, A. (2011) A larch based biorefinery: pre-extraction and extract fermentation to lactic acid. Holzforschung 65:491–496.10.1515/hf.2011.085Search in Google Scholar

Kabel, M.A., Van Den Borne, H., Vincken, J-P., Voragen, A.G.J., Schols, H.A. (2007) Structural differences of xylan affect their interaction with cellulose. Carbohydr. Polym. 69:94–105.Search in Google Scholar

Kirsch, C., Zetzl, C., Smirnova, I. (2011) Development of an integrated thermal and enzymatic hydrolysis for lignocellulosic biomass in fixed-bed reactors. Holzforschung 65:483–489.10.1515/hf.2011.061Search in Google Scholar

Kobayashi, S., Tsujihata, S., Hibi, N., Tsukamoto, Y. (2002) Preparation and rheological characterization of carboxymethylkonjacglucomannan. Food Hydrocolloids 16:289–294.10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00101-1Search in Google Scholar

Köhnke, T., Harald, B., Gunnar, W. (2009) Adsorption of cationized barley husk xylan on kraft pulp fibers: influence of degree of cationization on adsorption characteristics. Cellulose 16:1109–1121.10.1007/s10570-009-9341-xSearch in Google Scholar

Li, J., Kisara, K., Danielsson, S., Lindström, M.E., Gellerstedt, G. (2007) An improved methodology for the quantification of uronic acid units in xylans and other polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Res. 342:1442–1449.Search in Google Scholar

Lima, D.U., Oliveira, R.C., Buckeridge, M.S. (2003) Seed storage hemicelluloses as wet-end additives in papermaking. Carbohydr. Polym. 52:367–373.Search in Google Scholar

Magaton, A.S., Colodette, J.L., Gouvea, A.D.F., Gomide, J.L., Muguer, M.C.D.S., Pedrazzi, C. (2009) Eucalyptus wood quality and its impact on kraft pulp production and use. TAPPI J. 8:32–39.Search in Google Scholar

Magaton, A.S., Coldette, J.L., Pilo-Veloso, D., Gomide, J.L. (2011) Behavior of Eucalyptus wood xylans across kraft cooking. J. Wood Chem. Technol. 31:58–72.Search in Google Scholar

Malutan, T., Nicu, R., Popa, V.I. (2008) Lignin modification by epoxidation. BioResource 3:1371–1376.Search in Google Scholar

Meadows, D.G. (1999) Growing the forest in South Africa. TAPPI J. 7:60–67.Search in Google Scholar

Mendes, C., Teixeira, V., Baptista, C.M.S.G., Rocha, J.M.S., Carvalho, M.G.V.S. (2009) Prehydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. hemicelluloses prior to pulping and fermentation of the hydrolysates with the yeast Pichia stipitis. 10th EWLP, Stockholm, Sweden, August 25-28, 2008. Holzforschung 63:737–743.10.1515/HF.2009.106Search in Google Scholar

Muguet, M.C.D.S., Pedrazzi, C., Colodette, J.L. (2011) Xylan deposition onto eucalypt pulp fibers during oxygen delignification. Holzforschung 65:605–6012.Search in Google Scholar

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) (2010) Standard biomass analytical procedures. http://www.nrel.gov. Accessed 12/04/2010.Search in Google Scholar

O’Byrne, M.A. (2009) Green papermaking – chemical innovations to improve environmental impact. TAPPI PaperCon’09 Conference, May 31-June 3, 2009, St. Louis, MO. pp. 6.Search in Google Scholar

Ragauskas, A.J., Williams, C.K., Davison, B.H., Britovsek, G., Cairney, J., Eckert, C.A., Frederick, W.J., Hallet, J.P., Leak, D.J., Liotta, C.L., Mielenz, J.R., Murphy, R., Templer, R., Tschaplinski, T. (2006) The path forward for biofuels and biomaterials. Science 311:484–489.10.1126/science.1114736Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Ren, J., Sun, R. Cereal Straw as a Resource for Sustainable Biomaterials and Biofuels Chemistry, Extractives, Lignins, Hemicelluloses and Cellulose. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2010.10.1016/B978-0-444-53234-3.00004-3Search in Google Scholar

Ren, J.L., Sun, R.C., Liu, C.F., Lin, L., He, B.H. (2007) Synthesis and characterization of novel cationic SCB hemicelluloses with low degree of substitution. Carbohydr. Polym. 67:347–357.Search in Google Scholar

Ren, J.L., Peng, F., Sun, R.C., Liu, C.F., Cao, Z.N., Luo, W., Tang, J.N. (2008) Synthesis of cationic hemicellulosic derivatives with a low degree of substitution in dimethyl sulfoxide media. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 109:2711–2717.Search in Google Scholar

Ren, J.L., Peng, F., Sun, R.C., Kennedy, J.F. (2009) Influence of hemicellulosic derivatives on the sulphate kraft pulp. Carbohydr. Polym. 75:338–342.Search in Google Scholar

Rodríguez-López, J., Romaní, A., González-Muñoz, M.J., Garrote, G., Parajó, J.C. (2012) Extracting value-added products before pulping: hemicellulosic ethanol from Eucalyptus globulus wood. Holzforschung 66:591–599.10.1515/hf-2011-0204Search in Google Scholar

Rojas, O.J., Neuman, R.D. (1999) Adsorption of polysaccharide wet-end additives in papermaking systems. Colloid Surf. 155:419–432.10.1016/S0927-7757(99)00040-0Search in Google Scholar

Schild, G., Sixta, H., Testova, L. (2010) Multifunctional alkaline pulping, delignification and hemicellulose extraction. Cellulose 44:35–45.Search in Google Scholar

Schönberg, C., Oksanen, T., Suurnäkki, A., Kettun, H., Buchert, J. (2001) The importance of xylan for the strength properties of spruce kraft pulp fibres. Holzforschung 55:639–644.10.1515/HF.2001.104Search in Google Scholar

Schütt, F., Puls, J., Saake, B. (2011) Optimization of steam pretreatment conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood. Holzforschung 65:453–459.10.1515/hf.2011.066Search in Google Scholar

Schwikal, K., Heinze, T., Ebringerová, A., Petzold, K. (2006) Cationic xylan derivatives with hight degree of functionalization. Macromol. Symp. 232:49–56.10.1002/masy.200551406Search in Google Scholar

Sjöberg, J., Kleen, M., Dahlman, O., Agnemo, R. Sundvall, H. (2004) Fiber surface composition and its relations to papermaking properties of soda-anthrapuinone and kraft pulps. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 19:392–396.Search in Google Scholar

Sjöström, E. Wood Chemistry – Fundamentals and Applications. Academic Press, London, 1993.Search in Google Scholar

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) (2010) Individual online access to the standards and tips. http://www.tappi.org. Accessed December 4, 2010.Search in Google Scholar

Tian, D., Wu, X., Liu, C., Xie, H.Q. (2010) Synthesis and flocculation behavior of cationic konjac glucomannan containing ammonium substituents. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 115:2368–2374.Search in Google Scholar

Vaaler, D.A.G. (2008) Yield-increasing additives in kraft pulping: effect on carbohydrate retention, composition and handsheet properties. Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Dissertation D.Phil. pp. 190.Search in Google Scholar

Vila, C., Francisco, J.L., Santos, V., Parajó, J.C. (2013) Effects of hydrothermal processing on the cellulosic fraction of Eucalyptus globulus wood. Holzforschung 67:33–40.10.1515/hf-2012-0046Search in Google Scholar

Wallmo, H., Theliander, H., Jönsson, A.-S., Wallberg, O., Lindgren, K. (2009) The influence of hemicelluloses during the precipitation of lignin in kraft black liquor. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 24: 165–171.Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2013-6-7
Accepted: 2013-10-29
Published Online: 2013-11-19
Published in Print: 2014-7-1

©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 17.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2013-0100/html
Scroll to top button