Assessment of Mating System in Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris (Asteraceae) Populations
-
Agustina Gutierrez
,
Daiana Scaccia Baffigi
Abstract
Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus and H. petiolaris are wild North American species that have been naturalized in central Argentina. They have a sporophytic self-incompatibility genetic system that prevent self-fertilization but the occurrence of self-compatible plants in Argentina was observed in both species and could in part explain their highly invasive ability. Their geographical distribution coincides with the major crop area. The domestic sunflower is self-compatible, can hybridize with both species and presents a considerable amount of gene flow. The aim of this study is to understand the self-incompatibility mechanism in both wild Helianthus species. Reciprocal crossing and seed production were used to identify self-compatible genotypes, the number and distribution of self-incompatibility alleles within populations and the type and extent of allelic interactions in the pollen and pistil. The behaviour of S alleles within each population was explained by five functional S alleles and one non-functional allele in each species, differing in their presence and frequency within accessions. In both species, the allelic interactions were of dominance/recessiveness and codominance in pollen, whereas it was only codominance in the pistil. Inbreeding effects in wild materials appeared in the third generation of self-pollination, with lethal effects in most plants. The number of S alleles is low and they behave in a similar way of other Asteraceae species. The self-compatibility was addressed to non-functional S alleles introgressed in wild Helianthus plants through gene flow from self-compatible sunflower.
Resumen
EVALUACION DEL SISTEMA DE APAREAMIENTO EN POBLACIONES DE Helianthus annuus Y H. petiolaris (ASTERACEAE)
Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus y H. petiolaris son especies silvestres norteamericanas naturalizadas en el centro de Argentina. Tienen un sistema genético de autoincompatibilidad esporofítica que previene la autofertilización, aunque se demostró la aparición de plantas autocompatibles en ambas especies. Su distribución geográfica coincide mayormente con la del cultivo. El girasol doméstico es autocompatible y puede hibridar con ambas especies presentando considerable flujo génico. El objetivo de este estudio es dilucidar el mecanismo de autoincompatibilidad en ambas especies de Helianthus silvestres. Cruzas recíprocas y producción de semillas se utilizaron para identificar genotipos autocompatibles, número y distribución de alelos S dentro de las poblaciones y el tipo y extensión de interacciones alélicas en el polen y pistilo. El comportamiento de los alelos S dentro de cada accesión se explicó por cinco alelos S funcionales y un alelo no funcional en cada especie, diferenciándose en su presencia y frecuencia dentro de las accesiones. Las interacciones alélicas fueron de dominancia/recesividad y codominancia en el polen, mientras que sólo codominancia en el pistilo. Aparecieron efectos de endogamia en los materiales silvestres en la tercera generación de autopolinización, con importantes efectos letales. El número de alelos S fue bajo y se comportaron de manera similar al de otras especies de Asteraceae. La autocompatibilidad fue atribuida a los alelos S no funcionales introducidos en las plantas silvestres mediante flujo génico del girasol autocompatible.
Résumé
EVALUATION DU SYSTEME DE ACCOUPLEMENT DANS LES POPULATIONS DE Helianthus annuus et H. petiolaris (ASTERACEAE)
Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus et H. petiolaris sont des espèces sauvages d’Amérique du Nord qui se sont naturalisées dans le centre de l’Argentine. Ils ont un système génétique d’auto-incompatibilité sporophytique qui empêche l’autofécondation, mais la présence de plantes autocompatibles en Argentine a été démontrée dans les deux espèces. Leur distribution géographique coïncide avec la superficie cultivée. Le tournesol domestique est auto-compatible, peut s’hybrider avec ces espèces et présente une quantité considérable de flux de gènes. Notre but est de comprendre le mécanisme d’auto-incompatibilité chez les deux espèces sauvages d’Helianthus. Le croisement réciproque et la production de graines ont été utilisés pour identifier les génotypes auto-compatibles, le nombre et la distribution d’allèlesS, ainsi que le type et l’étendue des interactions alléliques dans le pollen et le pistil. Le comportement des allèles S dans chaque accesion a été expliqué par cinq allèles S fonctionnels et un allèle non fonctionnel chez chaque espèce, se différenciant par leur présence et leur fréquence au sein des accessions. Dans les deux espèces, les interactions alléliques étaient de dominance/récessivité et de codominance dans le pollen, mais uniquement de codominance dans le pistil. Des effets de consanguinité sont apparus sur des matières sauvages et le nombre d’allèles S était faible. L’autocompatibilité a été attribuée aux allèles S non fonctionnels introduits dans les plantes sauvages par le biais du flux génétique du tournesol auto-compatible.
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by grants ANPCYT-PICT 2854, UNS-PGI 24A204 and National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET).
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© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Analysis of genetic determination of partial resistance to white rot in sunflower
- Assessment of Mating System in Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris (Asteraceae) Populations
- Stability some sunflower genotypes across divergent environments
- Automatic Phenotyping Test of Sunflower Seeds
- Agronomic attributes and stability of exotic sunflower hybrids in Iran
- Intergeneric hybidization of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with spiny plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides L.)
- Response of sunflower hybrids to crop density in the steppe of Ukraine
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Analysis of genetic determination of partial resistance to white rot in sunflower
- Assessment of Mating System in Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris (Asteraceae) Populations
- Stability some sunflower genotypes across divergent environments
- Automatic Phenotyping Test of Sunflower Seeds
- Agronomic attributes and stability of exotic sunflower hybrids in Iran
- Intergeneric hybidization of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with spiny plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides L.)
- Response of sunflower hybrids to crop density in the steppe of Ukraine
