Diversity of Fungi in Rhizoplane, Rhizosphere and Edaphosphere of Sunflower at Different Stages of its Development
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N.I. Kostyuchenko
Abstract
The genus and species composition of the micromycete complex in the root zone (rhizoplane, rhizosphere and edaphosphere) of sunflower at the beginning of flowering and full maturity stages during its cultivation on leached chernozem was studied. It was established that representatives of the genera Aspergillus, Botrytis, Gliocladium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma formed the complex of typical fungi of the rhizoplane and rhizosphere. At the stage of flowering in the mycocenosis, the species Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces variotii and Trichoderma viride dominated, and in the maturity stage Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillium nigricans, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans prevailed. The phytopathogenic complex at the flowering stage formed the species of the genera Fusarium and Rhizopus, and by the end of the vegetation the variety of potential pathogens was expanded by representatives of the genera Alternaria, Botrytis and Gliocladium. A comparative analysis of the micromycete complex revealed a similarity of the dominant species of the rhizoplane and rhizosphere in different stages of sunflower development. However, by the end of the vegetation in the rhizosphere, compared to rhizoplane, the abundance of fungi of the species Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans and Penicillium nigricans increased significantly. As for edaphosphere, Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma viride and Penicillium nigricans dominated during sunflower flowering, and by the end of the crop vegetation the number of micromycetes of the genus Fusarium was reduced while the proportion of micromycetes of the genus Rhizopus increased significantly.
Résumé
Le genre et espèces composition du complexe de micromycètes dans la zone racinaire (rhizoplane, rhizosphère et édaphosphère) du tournesol au début de la floraison et à pleine maturité au cours de sa culture sur le chernozem lessivé ont été étudiés. Il a été établi que les représentants des genres Aspergillus, Botrytis, Gliocladium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Pénicillium, Rhizopus et Trichoderma formaient le complexe de hongos typiques du rhizoplane et de la rhizosphère. Au stade de la floraison dans la mycocénose, les espèces Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces variotii et Trichoderma viride ont dominé, et au stade de maturité Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillium nigricans, Botrytis cinerea et Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans ont prévalu. Le complexe phytopathogène au stade de la floraison a formé les espèces des genres Fusarium et Rhizopus, et à la fin de la végétation, la variété des pathogènes potentiels a été élargie par des représentants des genres Alternaria, Botrytis et Gliocladium. Une analyse comparative du complexe de micromycètes a révélé une similitude entre les espèces dominantes du rhizoplane et de la rhizosphère à différents stades du développement du tournesol. Cependant, à la fin de la végétation dans la rhizosphère, par rapport aux rhizoplans, l’abondance des hongos de l’espèce Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans et Penicillium nigricans ont augmenté de façon significative. En ce qui concerne l’édaphosphère, Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma viride et Penicillium nigricans dominaient pendant la floraison du tournesol, et à la fin de la végétation, le nombre de micromycètes du genre Fusarium était réduit tandis que la proportion de micromycètes du genre Rhizopus augmentait significativement.
Resumen
Se estudió la composición de género y especies del complejo de micromicetos en la zona de la raíz (rizoplano, rizosfera y edafósfera) de girasol en el inicio de la floración y las etapas de madurez completa durante su cultivo en chernozem lixiviado. Se estableció que representantes de los géneros Aspergillus, Botrytis, Gliocladium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Rhizopus y Trichoderma formaron el complejo de hongos típicos del rizoplano y la rizosfera. En la etapa de floración en la micocenosis, predominaron las especies Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces variotii y Trichoderma viride, y en la etapa de madurez Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillium nigricans, Botrytis cinerea y Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans prevalecieron. El complejo fitopatógeno en la etapa de floración formó las especies de los géneros Fusarium y Rhizopus, y al final de la vegetación la variedad de patógenos potenciales se expandió por representantes de los géneros Alternaria, Botrytis y Gliocladium. Un análisis comparativo del complejo de micromicetos reveló una similitud de las especies dominantes del rizoplano y la rizosfera en diferentes etapas del desarrollo del girasol. Sin embargo, al final de la vegetación en la rizosfera, en comparación con el rizoplano, la abundancia de hongos de la especie Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans y Penicillium nigricans aumentaron significativamente. En cuanto a la edafosfera, Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma viride y Penicillium nigricans dominaron durante la floración del girasol, y al final de la vegetación del cultivo se redujo el número de micromicetos del género Fusarium mientras que la proporción de micromicetos del género Rhizopus aumentó significativamente.
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© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review Paper
- Chao-Chien Jan: Thirty-five Years of Dedicated Research Utilizing Wild Sunflower Crop Relatives for Sunflower Improvement
- Research Articles
- Helianthus porteri, a Granite Outcrop Endemic, Does Not Have More Drought Resistant Traits Than Congeners
- Effect of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Sunflower Seeds Quality
- Genomic Evaluation of Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche Cumana) Germplasm by KASP Assay
- Validation of Microsatellite Markers of Pl Resistance Genes to Downy Mildew of Sunflower
- Selection for Some Functional Markers for Adaptability of Helianthus argophyllus × Helianthus annuus Derived Population under Abiotic Stress Conditions
- Inheritance of Basal Branching in Sunflower
- Diversity of Fungi in Rhizoplane, Rhizosphere and Edaphosphere of Sunflower at Different Stages of its Development
- Performance and Water-Use Efficiency of Wild Cytoplasmic Sources in Sunflower
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review Paper
- Chao-Chien Jan: Thirty-five Years of Dedicated Research Utilizing Wild Sunflower Crop Relatives for Sunflower Improvement
- Research Articles
- Helianthus porteri, a Granite Outcrop Endemic, Does Not Have More Drought Resistant Traits Than Congeners
- Effect of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Sunflower Seeds Quality
- Genomic Evaluation of Sunflower Broomrape (Orobanche Cumana) Germplasm by KASP Assay
- Validation of Microsatellite Markers of Pl Resistance Genes to Downy Mildew of Sunflower
- Selection for Some Functional Markers for Adaptability of Helianthus argophyllus × Helianthus annuus Derived Population under Abiotic Stress Conditions
- Inheritance of Basal Branching in Sunflower
- Diversity of Fungi in Rhizoplane, Rhizosphere and Edaphosphere of Sunflower at Different Stages of its Development
- Performance and Water-Use Efficiency of Wild Cytoplasmic Sources in Sunflower
