Abstract
Taking the interrelationship of language and thought as starting point, Cognitive Linguistics considers language as providing central insights into cognitive structures and processes as well as into their experiential basis. In its role as a gateway for exploring and describing phenomena at the interface between the individual and society by means of public language use, Cognitive Linguistics thus ranges between the poles of trans-situational, overarching language structures and situated, specific language use. But how exactly are system and use to be distinguished and related to one another? What range has, for example, a particular political frame detected from a sample of media coverage with regard to ‘its’ audience? When can we reliably label several instances of individual language use as an overarching language pattern or a frame? The paper aims to address these and further questions in reference to Critical Cognitive Linguistics concerning, for one thing, its own theoretical and methodological assumptions and, for another, its social role in light of current social and political phenomena and developments.
References
Borchmann, Simon, Carsten Levisen & Britta Schneider. 2019. Linguistics as a biased discipline: Identifications and interventions. Language Sciences 76.10.1016/j.langsci.2018.12.003Search in Google Scholar
Cameron, Lynne. 2003. Metaphor in educational discourse. Advances in applied linguistics. London: Continuum.Search in Google Scholar
Cameron, Lynne. 2018. From metaphor to metaphorizing: How cinematic metaphor opens up metaphor studies. In Sarah Greifenstein, Dorothea Horst, Thomas Scherer, Christina Schmitt, Hermann Kappelhoff & Cornelia Müller (eds.), Cinematic metaphor in perspective. Reflections on a transdisciplinary framework, 17–35. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110615036-002Search in Google Scholar
Evans, Vyvyan & Melanie Green. 2006. Cognitive linguistics. An introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Fillmore, Charles. 1982. Frame semantics. In Linguistic Society of Korea (ed.), Linguistics in the morning calm, 111–137. Seoul: Hanshin Publications.Search in Google Scholar
Forceville, Charles. 2009. Non-verbal and multimodal metaphor in a cognitivist framework. Agendas for research. In Charles Forceville & Eduardo Urios-Aparisi, Multimodal metaphor, 19–42. Berlin/Boston: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110215366.1.19Search in Google Scholar
Forceville, Charles. 2017. From image schema to metaphor in discourse. The FORCE schemas in animation films. In Beate Hampe (ed.), Metaphor. Embodied cognition and discourse, 239–256. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/9781108182324.014Search in Google Scholar
Forceville, Charles & Eduardo Urios-Aparisi (eds.). 2009. Multimodal metaphor. Applications of cognitive linguistics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110215366Search in Google Scholar
Fricke, Ellen. 2012. Grammatik multimodal: Wie Wörter und Gesten zusammenwirken. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter.10.1515/9783110218893Search in Google Scholar
Gibbs, Raymond W., Jr. 1998. The fight over metaphor in thought and language. In Albert N. Katz, Cristina Cacciari, Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. & Mark Turner (eds.), Figurative language and thought, 88–118. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780195109627.003.0003Search in Google Scholar
Gibbs, Raymond W., Jr. 2017. Metaphor and human experience. Keynote held at the Researching and Applying Metaphor (RaAM) seminar in Odense in 2017.Search in Google Scholar
Hampe, Beate (ed.). 2017. Metaphor. Embodied cognition and discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/9781108182324Search in Google Scholar
Holly, Werner. 2018. Intermedialität von Frames in einer Polit-Talkshow. In Alexander Ziem, Lars Inderelst & Detmer Wulf (eds.), Frames interdisziplinär: Modelle, Anwendungsfelder, Methoden, 331–352. Düsseldorf: düsseldorf university press.10.1515/9783110720372-011Search in Google Scholar
Horst, Dorothea, Franziska Boll, Christina Schmitt & Cornelia Müller. 2014. Gesture as interactive expressive movement. Inter-affectivity in face-to-face communication. In Cornelia Müller, Alan Cienki, Ellen Fricke, Silva H. Ladewig, David McNeill & Jana Bressem (eds.), Body – language – communication. An international handbook on multimodality in human interaction, 2112–2125. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter Mouton.10.1515/9783110302028.2112Search in Google Scholar
Humboldt, Wilhelm von. [1830/35] 1999. On language. On the diversity of human language construction and its influence on the mental development of the human species. Edited by Michael Losonsky. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Kann, Christoph & Lars Inderelst. 2018. Gibt es eine einheitliche Frame-Konzeption? Historisch-systematische Perspektiven. In Alexander Ziem, Lars Inderelst & Detmer Wulf (eds.), Frames interdisziplinär: Modelle, Anwendungsfelder, Methoden, 25–67. Düsseldorf: düsseldorf university press.10.1515/9783110720372-002Search in Google Scholar
Klein, Josef. 2018. Frame und Framing: Frametheoretische Konsequenzen aus der Praxis und Analyse strategischen politischen Framings. In Alexander Ziem, Lars Inderelst & Detmer Wulf (eds.), Frames interdisziplinär: Modelle, Anwendungsfelder, Methoden, 289–330. Düsseldorf: düsseldorf university press.10.1515/9783110720372-010Search in Google Scholar
Klug, Nina & Hartmut Stöckl (eds.). 2016. Handbuch Sprache im multimodalen Kontext. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter.10.1515/9783110296099Search in Google Scholar
Krämer, Sybille. 1996. Sprache und Schrift oder: Ist Schrift verschriftete Sprache? Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 15(1). 92–112.Search in Google Scholar
Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Search in Google Scholar
Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson. 1999. Philosophy in the flesh. New York: Basic Books.Search in Google Scholar
Lakoff, George. 1993. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In Andrew Ortony (ed.), Metaphor and thought, 202–51. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9781139173865.013Search in Google Scholar
Lakoff, George. 1996. Moral politics. What conservatives know that Liberals don’t. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Search in Google Scholar
Langacker, Ronald W. 2001. Discourse in cognitive grammar. Cognitive Linguistics 12(2). 143–188.10.1515/cogl.12.2.143Search in Google Scholar
Lanwer, Jens. 2018. Was steckt in den Daten und was stecken wir hinein? Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der gebrauchsbasierten Rekonstruktion sprachlicher Strukturen. In Joachim Gessinger, Angelika Redder & Ulrich Schmitz, Kritische Beiträge zur Korpuslinguistik: Leistungen und Grenzen, 219–238. Duisburg: Universitätsverlag Rhein-Ruhr KG.Search in Google Scholar
Liberg, Caroline. 1990. Learning to read and write. Uppsala: Departments of Linguistics, Uppsala University.Search in Google Scholar
Linell, Per. 2005. The written language bias in linguistics. Its nature, origins and transformations. London/New York: Routledge.10.4324/9780203342763Search in Google Scholar
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. [1964] 2000. The film and the new psychology. In Ken Goldberg (ed.), The robot in the garden: Telerobotics and telepistemology in the age of the internet, 332–345. Cambridge: The MIT Press.10.7312/kul-17602-006Search in Google Scholar
Metten, Thomas. 2014. Kulturwissenschaftliche Linguistik. Entwurf einer Medientheorie der Verständigung. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110339482Search in Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. 1882. A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive: Being a connected view of the principles of evidence, and the methods of scientific investigation. New York: Harper & Brothers.Search in Google Scholar
Müller, Cornelia. 2008. Metaphors dead and alive, sleeping and waking. A dynamic view. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226548265.001.0001Search in Google Scholar
Müller, Cornelia & Hermann Kappelhoff. 2018. Cinematic metaphor. Experience – affectivity – temporality. In collaboration with Sarah Greifenstein, Dorothea Horst, Thomas Scherer & Christina Schmitt. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110580785Search in Google Scholar
Müller, Cornelia & Susanne Tag. 2010. The dynamics of metaphor. Foregrounding and activation of metaphoricity in conversational interaction. Cognitive Semiotics 10(6). 85–120.10.3726/81610_85Search in Google Scholar
Saussure, Ferdinand de. [1916] 1966. A course in general linguistics, translated by W. Baskin. New York: McGraw-Hill.10.2307/538001Search in Google Scholar
Saussure, Ferdinand de. 2003. Wissenschaft der Sprache. Edited by Ludwig Jäger. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.Search in Google Scholar
Shannon, Claude Elwood & Warren Weaver. 1945. The mathematical theory of communication. Urbana: University of Illinois.Search in Google Scholar
Slobin, Dan I. 1996. From ‘thought and language’ to ‘thinking for speaking’. In Joseph Gumperz & Stephen C. Levinson (eds.), Rethinking Linguistic Relativity, 70–96. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Steen, Gerard J. & Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. 1999. Introduction. In Raymond W. Gibbs Jr. & Gerard J. Steen (eds.), Metaphor in cognitive linguistics, 1–8. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.10.1075/cilt.175.01steSearch in Google Scholar
Stefanowitsch, Anatol. 2018. Eine Frage der Moral: Warum wir politisch korrekte Sprache brauchen. Berlin: Dudenverlag.Search in Google Scholar
Stefanowitsch, Anatol. 2019. A usage-based perspective on public discourse: Towards a critical cognitive linguistics. Yearbook of the German Association for Cognitive Linguistics 7. 177–200. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.10.1515/gcla-2019-0011Search in Google Scholar
Wehling, Elisabeth. 2016. Politisches Framing. Wie eine Nation sich ihr Denken einredet – und daraus Politik macht. Köln: Halem.Search in Google Scholar
Zeit online. 2019. Elisabeth Wehling: „Ich bin schockiert über die Vorwürfe“ https://www.zeit.de/2019/10/elisabeth-wehling-linguistin-framing-manual-ard-sprache (25 June, 2020)Search in Google Scholar
Ziem, Alexander, Christian Pentzold & Claudia Fraas. 2018. Medien-Frames als semantische Frames: Aspekte ihrer methodischen und analytischen Verschränkung am Beispiel der ‚Snowdon-Affäre‘. In Alexander Ziem, Lars Inderelst & Detmer Wulf (eds.), Frames interdisziplinär: Modelle, Anwendungsfelder, Methoden, 155–182. Düsseldorf: düsseldorf university press.10.1515/9783110720372-006Search in Google Scholar
©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Battling for semantic territory across social networks. The case of Anglo-Saxon on Twitter
- Identifying discourse patterns in social media comments on “politically correct” language
- Genome Editing or Genome Cutting? Communicating CRISPR in the British and German Press
- Patterns ‘We’ Think By? Critical Cognitive Linguistics Between Language System and Language Use
- Exploring the relationship between language and Europe from a cognitive-linguistic perspective using Concept Maps
- The hit or miss guesswork figuring the deictic centre of the Russian patronymic
- Paradigmatic pattern analysis
- Paradigmatic patterns: a postscript on collocation
- On the Front Line in the Fight against the Virus: Conceptual Framing and War Patterns in Political Discourse
- Metonymy and the conceptualisation of nation in political discourse
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Battling for semantic territory across social networks. The case of Anglo-Saxon on Twitter
- Identifying discourse patterns in social media comments on “politically correct” language
- Genome Editing or Genome Cutting? Communicating CRISPR in the British and German Press
- Patterns ‘We’ Think By? Critical Cognitive Linguistics Between Language System and Language Use
- Exploring the relationship between language and Europe from a cognitive-linguistic perspective using Concept Maps
- The hit or miss guesswork figuring the deictic centre of the Russian patronymic
- Paradigmatic pattern analysis
- Paradigmatic patterns: a postscript on collocation
- On the Front Line in the Fight against the Virus: Conceptual Framing and War Patterns in Political Discourse
- Metonymy and the conceptualisation of nation in political discourse