Skip to main content
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

SIW-based dual-beam conical conformal slot array antenna for X-band applications

  • , ORCID logo EMAIL logo and
Published/Copyright: January 27, 2022
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
Frequenz
From the journal Frequenz Volume 76 Issue 5-6

Abstract

A design of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based conical conformal slot array antenna is presented for X-band applications. The proposed design consists of two SIW arrays of 1 × 6 slot radiators located at ϕ = 0° and ϕ = 180°. The slotted arrays are fed using a rectangular waveguide (RWG) to SIW 1 × 2 T-junction power divider. The arrays are projected in the longitudinal direction on a conical surface having a lower and upper radius of 1.66λ 0 and 1.33λ 0, respectively. The power divider and SIW arrays are designed and simulated in full-wave EM simulation software. It is observed from the results that the proposed array has two main beams in the H-plane located at θ =  ± 90°, and have sidelobe levels (SLLs) of −23 dB and −20 dB, respectively. For the validation of simulation results, the proposed array is fabricated and measured, and a reasonable agreement is observed between both results.

Keywords: conformal antenna; conical platform; dual-beam; SIW; slot array; X-band
Corresponding author: Umair Rafique, Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00184 Rome, Italy, E-mail:

  1. Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

References

[1] S. Schneider, C. Bozada, R. Dettmer, and J. Tenbarge, “Enabling technologies for future structurally integrated conformal apertures,” in IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 2001 Digest. Held in Conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No. 01CH37229), vol. 2, IEEE, 2001, pp. 330–333.10.1109/APS.2001.959730Search in Google Scholar

[2] R. J. Mailloux, “Conformal array antenna theory and design [reviews and abstracts],” IEEE Antenn. Propag. Mag., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 126–127, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1109/map.2007.4395313.Search in Google Scholar

[3] D. Wingert and B. Howard, “Potential impact of smart electromagnetic antennas on aircraft performance and design,” in Proceedings of NATO Workshop on Smart Electromagnetic Antenna Structures, 1996, pp. 1–10.Search in Google Scholar

[4] G.-X. Fan and J.-M. Jin, “Scattering from a cylindrically conformal slotted waveguide array antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 1150–1159, 1997, https://doi.org/10.1109/8.596908.Search in Google Scholar

[5] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Integrated microstrip and rectangular waveguide in planar form,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 68–70, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1109/7260.914305.Search in Google Scholar

[6] S. Hosseininejad, N. Komjani, and A. Mohammadi, “Accurate design of planar slotted SIW array antennas,” IEEE Antenn. Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 261–264, 2014.10.1109/LAWP.2014.2362152Search in Google Scholar

[7] A. K. Aboul-Seoud, A.-D. S. Hafez, A. M. Hamed, and M. Abd-El-Latif, “A conformal conical phased array antenna for modern radars,” in 2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference, IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–7.10.1109/AERO.2014.6836483Search in Google Scholar

[8] M. Li, L. Xu, W. B. Zeng, and G. Liu, “Design and implementation of a new missile-borne conical conformal antenna,” in PIERS Proceedings, 2014, pp. 2592–2595.Search in Google Scholar

[9] Y. Qiang, L. Guo, J. Miao, Q. Lai, and J. Wang, “A conformal low-profile cavity-backed slot antenna array,” in 2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR), IEEE, 2016, pp. 1–3.10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059423Search in Google Scholar

[10] Y. Qiang, L. Guo, M. Jing, and Q. Lai, “A design of conformal dipole array for aircraft applications,” in 2016 IEEE International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), vol. 1, IEEE, 2016, pp. 464–466.10.1109/ICMMT.2016.7761809Search in Google Scholar

[11] Y. F. Wu and Y. J. Cheng, “Conical conformal shaped-beam substrate-integrated waveguide slot array antenna with conical-to-cylindrical transition,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 65, no. 8, pp. 4048–4056, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2017.2716404.Search in Google Scholar

[12] C. Chen and H. Zheng, “Design of a dual-band conformal antenna on a cone surface for missile-borne,” in 2017 Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, 2017, pp. 1–3.10.1109/APCAP.2017.8420994Search in Google Scholar

[13] Y. Xia, B. Muneer, and Q. Zhu, “Design of a full solid angle scanning cylindrical-and-conical phased array antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 4645–4655, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2017.2730241.Search in Google Scholar

[14] C. L. Li, X. W. Shi, H. H. Wang, and X. Li, “A compact missile-borne conformal array antenna with off-axis radiation,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1010–1013, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.31094.Search in Google Scholar

[15] Y. Liu, H. Yang, Z. Jin, F. Zhao, and J. Zhu, “A multibeam cylindrically conformal slot array antenna based on a modified Rotman lens,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 3441–3452, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2018.2829816.Search in Google Scholar

[16] O. Bayraktar and O. A. Civi, “Circumferential traveling wave slot array on cylindrical substrate integrated waveguide (CSIW),” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 62, no. 7, pp. 3557–3566, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2014.2316296.Search in Google Scholar

[17] J. Hirokawa, K. Sakurai, M. Ando, and N. Goto, “An analysis of a waveguide T junction with an inductive post,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theor. Tech., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 563–566, 1991, https://doi.org/10.1109/22.75301.Search in Google Scholar

[18] A. R. Akbarzadeh and Z. Shen, “Waveguide power dividers using multiple posts,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 981–984, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.23259.Search in Google Scholar

[19] J.-X. Xu, W.-Q. Pan, L. Gao, and X.-L. Zhao, “Filtering power divider based on lumped elements,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 49, pp. 31–38, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl14080102.Search in Google Scholar

[20] [Online]. Available at: https://www.ansys.com/products/electronics/ansys hfss.Search in Google Scholar

[21] T. Kaifas, K. Siakavara, E. Vafiadis, T. Samaras, and J. Sahalos, “On the design of conformal slot arrays on a perfectly conducting elliptic cone,” Electr. Eng., vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 95–105, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-005-0329-8.Search in Google Scholar

[22] E. Vafiadis and J. Sahalos, “The electromagnetic field of a slotted elliptic cone,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 1894–1898, 1990, https://doi.org/10.1109/8.102758.Search in Google Scholar

[23] H. Khalil, M. M. Ahmed, and U. Rafique, “Nose-cone conformal substrate-integrated waveguide slot array antenna for X-band radar applications,” Int. J. Antenn. Propag., vol. 2019, pp. 1–11, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6262574.Search in Google Scholar

[24] R. Harrington, Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields, in IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory, Wiley, 2001.10.1109/9780470546710Search in Google Scholar

[25] S. E. Hosseininejad and N. Komjani, “Optimum design of traveling-wave SIW slot array antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1971–1975, 2012.10.1109/TAP.2012.2233704Search in Google Scholar
Received: 2021-05-18
Revised: 2021-11-28
Accepted: 2022-01-13
Published Online: 2022-01-27
Published in Print: 2022-06-27

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. A compact simple microstrip lowpass filter based on elliptical analyzed resonator
  4. Design of a miniaturized branch line microstrip coupler with a simple structure using artificial neural network
  5. SIW-based dual-beam conical conformal slot array antenna for X-band applications
  6. HEM11δ and HEM12δ-based Quad band Quad Sense Circularly Polarized tunable Graphene-based MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna
  7. Dual notched conformal patch fed 3-D printed two-port MIMO DRA for ISM band applications
  8. A compact high-gain key-shaped monopole antenna for RF sensitive environment, and X-Ku-band applications
  9. Design of miniaturized dual-polarized dipole antenna for 4G & sub-6 GHz 5G applications
  10. A goblet-shaped quad band-notched UWB antenna and its MIMO configurations
  11. Reliability analysis of N-equations N-unknowns method for the solution of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) problems
  12. A Novel architecture for low-jitter multi-GHz frequency synthesis
  13. A dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator linearization scheme based on 90° phase shifters
  14. Channel estimation via GAMP for millimeter wave hybrid massive MIMO systems
https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2021-0127
Keywords for this article
conformal antenna; conical platform; dual-beam; SIW; slot array; X-band

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Research Articles
  3. A compact simple microstrip lowpass filter based on elliptical analyzed resonator
  4. Design of a miniaturized branch line microstrip coupler with a simple structure using artificial neural network
  5. SIW-based dual-beam conical conformal slot array antenna for X-band applications
  6. HEM11δ and HEM12δ-based Quad band Quad Sense Circularly Polarized tunable Graphene-based MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna
  7. Dual notched conformal patch fed 3-D printed two-port MIMO DRA for ISM band applications
  8. A compact high-gain key-shaped monopole antenna for RF sensitive environment, and X-Ku-band applications
  9. Design of miniaturized dual-polarized dipole antenna for 4G & sub-6 GHz 5G applications
  10. A goblet-shaped quad band-notched UWB antenna and its MIMO configurations
  11. Reliability analysis of N-equations N-unknowns method for the solution of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) problems
  12. A Novel architecture for low-jitter multi-GHz frequency synthesis
  13. A dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator linearization scheme based on 90° phase shifters
  14. Channel estimation via GAMP for millimeter wave hybrid massive MIMO systems
Downloaded on 10.5.2026 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/freq-2021-0127/html?lang=en
Scroll to top button