Abstract
Real radar echo signals of a pedestrian, vehicle and group of helicopters are analyzed in order to maximize signal energy around central Doppler frequency in time–frequency plane. An optimization, preserving this concentration, is suggested based on three well-known concentration measures. Various window functions and time–frequency distributions were optimization inputs. Conducted experiments on an analytic and three real signals have shown that energy concentration significantly depends on used time–frequency distribution and window function, for all three used criteria.
References
[1] The Database of Radar Echoes from Various Targets, 2010.Search in Google Scholar
[2] M.Andric, D.Bujaković, B.Bondžulić, S.Simić, and B.Zrnic, “Analysis of radar Doppler signature from human data ,” Radioengineering,23, pp. 11–19, 2014.Search in Google Scholar
[3] M.Andric, Z.Urovic, and B.Zrnic, “Ground surveillance radar target classification based on fuzzy logic approach,” in: Computer as a Tool, 2005. EUROCON 2005. The Int. Conf. on, 2, IEEE, pp. 1390–1392, 2005.Search in Google Scholar
[4] G.Richard Baraniuk, P.Flandrin, A.Jem Janssen, and O. J. J.Michel, “Measuring time-frequency information content using the Rényi entropies ,” Inf. Theor. IEEE Trans., 47, pp. 1391–1409, 2001.Search in Google Scholar
[5] F.Çakrak and P. J.Loughlin, “Multiwindow time-varying spectrum with instantaneous bandwidth and frequency constraints ,” Signal Process. IEEE Trans., 49, pp. 1656–1666, 2001.Search in Google Scholar
[6] V.Chen, The Micro-Doppler Effect in Radar. Norwood, MA: Artech House Publishers, 2011.Search in Google Scholar
[7] L.Cohen, Time-Frequency Analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall PTR, 1995, p. 778.Search in Google Scholar
[8] G.Greneker III, “Very low cost stand-off suicide bomber detection system using human gait analysis to screen potential bomb carrying individuals,” in: Defense and Security, Robert N.Trebits, James L.Kurtz, Ed. Bellingham WA, USA: International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2005, pp. 46–56.Doi: 10.1117/12.60060310.1117/12.600603Search in Google Scholar
[9] C.Hornsteiner and J.Detlefsen, “Characterisation of human gait using a continuous-wave radar at 24 GHz ,” Adv. Radio Sci., 6, pp. 67–70, 2008.10.5194/ars-6-67-2008Search in Google Scholar
[10] D. L.Jones and T. W.Parks, “A high resolution data-adaptive time-frequency representation ,” Acoust. Speech Signal Process. IEEE Trans. 38, pp. 2127–2135, 1990.Search in Google Scholar
[11] P.Molchanov, J.Astola, K.Egiazarian, and A.Totsky, “Classification of ground moving radar targets by using joint time-frequency analysis,” in: IEEE Radar Conf., pp. 0366–0371, Atlanta, GA, 2012.Search in Google Scholar
[12] I.Orovic, S.Stanković, T.Thayaparan, and J.Stanković, “Multiwindow S-method for instantaneous frequency estimation and its application in radar signal analysis ,” Signal Process. IET, 4, pp. 363–370, 2010.10.1049/iet-spr.2009.0059Search in Google Scholar
[13] M.Otero, “Application of a continuous wave radar for human gait recognition,” in: Defense and Security, Ivan Kadar, Ed. Bellingham WA, USA: International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2005, pp. 538–548. Doi: 10.1117/12.60717610.1117/12.607176Search in Google Scholar
[14] L. J.Stanković, “Measuring time-frequency distributions concentration,” in: Time–Frequency Analysis and Processing, B.Boashash, Ed. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 2003,pp. 1820–1825.Search in Google Scholar
[15] T.Thayaparan, S.Abrol, E.Riseborough, L.Stanković, D.Lamothe, and G.Duff, “Analysis of radar micro-Doppler signatures from experimental helicopter and human data ,” IET Radar Sonar Navig., 1, pp. 289–299, 2007.10.1049/iet-rsn:20060103Search in Google Scholar
[16] T.Thayaparan, L.Stanković, and I.Djurović, “Micro-Doppler-based target detection and feature extraction in indoor and outdoor environments ,” J. Franklin Inst., 345, pp. 700–722, 2008.10.1016/j.jfranklin.2008.01.003Search in Google Scholar
©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Space–Time Antenna Array for GPS Receivers
- Novel Compact Mushroom-Type EBG Structure for Electromagnetic Coupling Reduction of Microstrip Antenna array
- Gain Improvement of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using CLS Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial
- Microwave Material Properties of Nanoparticle-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystals
- Attenuation in Superconducting Rectangular Waveguides
- Time–Frequency Distribution Analyses of Ku-Band Radar Doppler Echo Signals
- Optimal Beamforming and Performance Analysis of Wireless Relay Networks with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- Cluster-Based Multipolling Sequencing Algorithm for Collecting RFID Data in Wireless LANs
- An Adaptive Cooperative Strategy for Underlay MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks: An Opportunistic and Low-Complexity Approach
- Opportunistic Channel Scheduling for Ad Hoc Networks with Queue Stability
- Turbo Codes with Modified Code Matched Interleaver for Coded-Cooperation in Half-Duplex Wireless Relay Networks
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Space–Time Antenna Array for GPS Receivers
- Novel Compact Mushroom-Type EBG Structure for Electromagnetic Coupling Reduction of Microstrip Antenna array
- Gain Improvement of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using CLS Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial
- Microwave Material Properties of Nanoparticle-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystals
- Attenuation in Superconducting Rectangular Waveguides
- Time–Frequency Distribution Analyses of Ku-Band Radar Doppler Echo Signals
- Optimal Beamforming and Performance Analysis of Wireless Relay Networks with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- Cluster-Based Multipolling Sequencing Algorithm for Collecting RFID Data in Wireless LANs
- An Adaptive Cooperative Strategy for Underlay MIMO Cognitive Radio Networks: An Opportunistic and Low-Complexity Approach
- Opportunistic Channel Scheduling for Ad Hoc Networks with Queue Stability
- Turbo Codes with Modified Code Matched Interleaver for Coded-Cooperation in Half-Duplex Wireless Relay Networks