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Chlorophytum alismifolium mitigates microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the involvement of oxidative stress and aldose reductase

  • Abdulhakim Abubakar ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Abdullahi Balarabe Nazifi ORCID logo , Idris Mohammed Maje , Yusuf Tanko , Joseph Akpojo Anuka and Ezzeldin Mukthar Abdurahman
Published/Copyright: August 16, 2021
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Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy
From the journal Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy Volume 37 Issue 1

Abstract

Objectives

Chlorophytum alismifolium (C. alismifolium) tubers are used in the management of diabetes. This research evaluated the effect of ethylacetate extract of C. alismifolium (EACA) on microvascular complications and the possible association of oxidative stress and aldose reductase in type 2 diabetic rats.

Methods

C. alismifolium tubers were subjected to sequential extraction until ethylacetate extract was obtained using a soxhlet apparatus. The LD50 was determined using the OECD 425 guideline. The animals were placed on high fat diet for 42 days and then induced with hyperglycaemia using 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Diabetic neuropathy was evaluated using thermal and mechanical methods. Serum was used for the assessment of oxidative stress markers and biochemical markers of retinopathy and nephropathy. Serum aldose reductase was investigated by utilizing the principle of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

The median lethal dose of EACA was assessed to be above 5,000 mg/kg and it caused no mortality. Treatment with EACA significantly reduced the withdrawal times in both thermal and mechanical hyperalgesic methods (p<0.05). EACA also significantly reduced the levels of urea (p<0.001), albumin (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.001) in hyperglycaemic rats. EACA significantly decreased the amounts of low density lipoprotein and triglycerides (p<0.001). There was a remarkable elevation in the levels of high density lipoprotein (p<0.05). A significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of magnesium was observed in the EACA-treated groups. EACA significantly increased catalase (p<0.05) and reduced malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05). The levels of aldose reductase was significantly (p<0.001) reduced by EACA compared to the hyperglycaemic control.

Conclusions

The ethylacetate extract of C. alismifolium has beneficial effects in alleviating microvascular complications of diabetes through the inhibition of oxidative stress and aldose reductase in diabetic rats.

Keywords: aldose reductase; nephropathy; neuropathy; oxidative stress; retinopathy
Corresponding author: Abdulhakim Abubakar, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Phone: +234 8036412047, E-mail:

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the technical assistance by Mr. Bamidele Adetiba of the Department of Human Anatomy and Mallam Abubakar Balarabe and Mallam Muazu Mahmud of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria.

  1. Research funding: None declared.

  2. Author contributions: AA conceived, designed and carried out the study; ABN and AA carried out data analysis, interpretation of data and drafted the manuscript; IMM, YT, JAA and EMA supervised the research and edited the manuscript for intellectual consent. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  5. Ethical approval: The local Institutional Review Board deemed the study exempt from review. Ethical Approval number: ABUCAUC/2020/31 was issued by Ahmadu Bello University’s committee on animal use and care.

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Received: 2021-04-11
Accepted: 2021-05-28
Published Online: 2021-08-16

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2021-0129
Keywords for this article
aldose reductase; nephropathy; neuropathy; oxidative stress; retinopathy

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Migraine (Shaqeeqa) and its management in Unani medicine
  4. The probiotic supplementation role in improving the immune system among people with ulcerative colitis: a narrative review
  5. Original Articles
  6. Efficacy and safety of Barg-e-Sahajna (Moringa oleifera Lam.) in primary hypothyroidism
  7. The effect of CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety of the combination of tramadol and ketorolac used for postoperative pain management in patients after video laparoscopic cholecystectomy
  8. Prevalence of CYP2C19*2 carriers in Saudi ischemic stroke patients and the suitability of using genotyping to guide antiplatelet therapy in a university hospital setup
  9. MicroRNAs as novel biomarkers for rivaroxaban therapeutic drug monitoring
  10. CYP2D6 phenotype and ABCB1 haplotypes are associated with antipsychotic safety in adolescents experiencing acute psychotic episodes
  11. In vitro effects of 95% khat ethanol extract (KEE) on human recombinant cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2 and CYP3A5
  12. Chlorophytum alismifolium mitigates microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the involvement of oxidative stress and aldose reductase
  13. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius-supplemented diet enhanced neurocognition, endogenous antioxidants and cholinergic system and maintains hippocampal neuronal integrity in male Wistar rats
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