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Pharmacogenetic relevant polymorphisms of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A5 in Bhutanese population

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Published/Copyright: January 31, 2020
Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy
From the journal Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy Volume 34 Issue 4

Abstract

Background

Marked differences among genotype frequencies (Caucasians, Asians, and Africans) have been observed in cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes. Data on the frequency of pharmacogenetic relevant polymorphisms in Bhutanese population is absent. This study aimed to investigate the frequencies of pharmacogenetic relevant polymorphisms of CYP2C9 (*2 and *3), CYP2C19 (*2 and *3), CYP2D6 (*10), and CYP3A5 (*3) in Bhutanese population.

Methods

Genotyping was performed in 443 DNA samples using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results

For CYP2C9, allele frequencies of *2 and *3 variants were 0.339% and 0%, respectively. For CYP2C19, frequencies of *2 and *3 variants were 30.135% and 15.689%, respectively. Allele frequencies of CYP2D6*10 and CYP3A5*3 were 21.332% and 77.314%, respectively. Allele frequencies of CYP2C9*2 are similar to most Asians while CYP2C9*3 was absent. CYP2C19*2 showed a close resemblance to Japanese and Burmese, while CYP2C19*3 is near to Japanese and Korean. CYP2D6*10 is noticeably lower than other Asians. CYP3A5*3 is similar to East Asians (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean).

Conclusions

The Bhutanese population is polymorphic for these CYP genes, except for CYP2C9*3. Similar to other populations, genetic testing for these genes may, therefore, be helpful to obtain the benefit from pharmacological treatments and prevent adverse drug reactions.

Keywords: Bhutanese; CYP2C9; CYP2C19; CYP2D6; CYP3A5; pharmacogenetics; polymorphisms

Acknowledgments

We thank the staff of Gelegphu Regional Referral, Phuentsholing, Samchi, Samdrup Jongkhar, and JDWNRH, Thimphu for their kind support in sample collection.

  1. Author contributions: K. Na-Bangchang conceived and designed the study. P.W. Dorji and S. Wangchuk collected blood samples. P.W. Dorji, S. Wangchuk, K. Boonprasert, and M. Tarasuk performed molecular analysis. P.W. Dorji and S. Wangchuk handled the data acquisition. P.W. Dorji drafted the manuscript. K. Na-Bangchang revised the manuscript for intellectual content and is the guarantor of this work. All approved the manuscript before submission.

  2. Research funding: This study was supported by Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005790, Grant Number: 2016-0102 (Grant number 2018-CoE-13), and National Research Council of Thailand (Grant number NRCT2018-2001). The funding source did not influence the design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript.

  3. Employment or leadership: None declared.

  4. Honorarium: None declared.

  5. Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in thestudy design; in thecollection, analysis, and interpretationof data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision tosubmit the report for publication.

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Supplementary Material

The online version of this article offers supplementary material (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2019-0020).

Received: 2019-08-24
Accepted: 2019-12-05
Published Online: 2020-01-31
Published in Print: 2019-12-18

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  2. Drug interactions and creatinine levels are associated with QTc prolongation in intensive care units: a prospective, observational study
  3. Pharmacogenetic relevant polymorphisms of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A5 in Bhutanese population
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https://doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2019-0020
Keywords for this article
Bhutanese; CYP2C9; CYP2C19; CYP2D6; CYP3A5; pharmacogenetics; polymorphisms

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Original Articles
  2. Drug interactions and creatinine levels are associated with QTc prolongation in intensive care units: a prospective, observational study
  3. Pharmacogenetic relevant polymorphisms of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A5 in Bhutanese population
  4. Short Communication
  5. Dosage of phenytoin in neurocritical patients using Bayesian algorithms: a pilot study
  6. Case Reports
  7. X-linked and autosomal dominant forms of the ichthyosis in coinheritance
  8. Post-traumatic stress disorder or emergence phenomena? A case of psychomotor agitation after procedural sedation and analgesia
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