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The integration and interpretation of pharmacogenomics – a comparative study between the United States of America and Europe: towards better health care

  • Mark J. Bartlett EMAIL logo and Elizabeth A. Shephard
Published/Copyright: June 7, 2016

Abstract

The study of pharmacogenomics has, by harnessing sequence information from human genomes, the potential to lead to novel approaches in drug discovery, an individualized application of drug therapy, and new insights into disease prevention. For this potential to be realized results need to be interpreted to the prescriber into a format which dictates an action. This mini review briefly describes the history, the regulatory environment, opinions towards, and implementation, integration and interpretation of pharmacogenomics in the United States of America and Europe. The article discusses also how interpretation of pharmacogenomics could move forward to better implementation in health care.

Author contributions:All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

Research funding: None declared.

Employment or leadership:None declared.

Honorarium: None declared.

Competing interests:The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

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Received: 2015-12-4
Accepted: 2016-4-6
Published Online: 2016-6-7
Published in Print: 2016-6-1

©2016 by De Gruyter

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