Energy cost prediction for chromium removal by nanofiltration membrane
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Sufyan Fadhil
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the energy cost of eliminating Cr(VI) by nanofiltration membranes (NF). The modified pore flow model was utilized to predict the performance of NF membrane in terms of ion retention and water productivity. Then, the energy cost was estimated according to the obtained results from this model as well as available data from literature. The effect of feed flow, applied pressure, and temperature on energy cost were highlighted and thoroughly assessed. It is shown that high retention values can be achieved with relatively high energy cost. Nonetheless, energy cost of 0.04 $/m3 have been estimated for Cr retention less than 95 % at a pressure of 5 bar. It is also assessed that feed flow has a significant influence on energy cost relative to other operating parameters. In particular, increasing feed flow from 40 to 760 L/h leading the energy cost to be increased by twelve times. At high feed flow, however, energy cost can be largely reduced by applying pressure higher than 10 bar. It is concluded that high feed temperature is favored if there is no need for heating equipment.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: The author has accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The author states no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Energy cost prediction for chromium removal by nanofiltration membrane
- Forecasting gasification sustainability through enhanced K-nearest neighbour models for hydrogen and nitrogen amount
- Applying machine learning for biomass gasification prediction: enhancing efficiency and sustainability
- Enhancing prediction of elemental composition through machine learning decision tree models for biomass gasification optimization
- Nonlinear model predictive controller of hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate for ethylene glycol production
- Dynamic optimization of boiler for minimizing energy consumption in the intentionally transient process operation: effect of different interval number
- Heat transfer efficiency in gas–solid fluidized beds with flat and corrugated walls
- Ant lion based optimization for performance improvement of methanol production
- Boundary Element Method for Viscous Flow through Out-phase Slip-patterned Microchannel under the Influence of Inclined Magnetic Field
- Artificial neural network models for forecasting the extracted yield of essential oils from Curcuma longa L. by hydro-distillation
