Oxygen excess ratio control of PEM fuel cell: fractional order modeling and fractional filter IMC-PID control
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Mullapudi Siva
and
Gara Uday Bhaskar Babu
Abstract
Concerning global warming, an energy-efficient power source must produce low or no pollutant emissions and provide an unlimited fuel supply. Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an electrochemical device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy. The performance and durability of PEM fuel cells are affected by voltage reversals and fuel starvation. Oxygen Excess Ratio (OER) is a crucial factor in controlling the fuel starvation of the PEMFC system. First, this work identified the PEMFC as an integer order and fractional-order first order plus time delay models using the predictor error method and Grunwald–Letnikov simulation method based on a trust-region-reflect algorithm, respectively. Fractional order models more accurately represented the PEM fuel cell system dynamics. Then, robust fractional filters cascaded with PID controllers based on the Internal Model Control scheme (IMC) are designed for identified integer and fractional order models to regulate the OER by compressor voltage manipulation. The genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization technique is used to find the optimal fractional filter tuning parameters. The proposed controller’s performance regarding Integral Absolute Error (IAE) and Total Variance (TV) is analyzed. Furthermore, the robustness of a perturbed plant and fragility with perturbed controllers are elucidated. The results show that a fractional filter cascaded with fractional order PID controller improves the performance compared to a fractional filter cascaded with integer order PID controllers.
Funding source: Science and Engineering Research Board
Award Identifier / Grant number: EEQ/2018/000993
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This work has been funded by the Science and Engineering Research Board, a statutory body of Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India. (The project no. EEQ/2018/000993).
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Tuning of PID controllers for unstable first-order plus dead time systems
- Oxygen excess ratio control of PEM fuel cell: fractional order modeling and fractional filter IMC-PID control
- Proposal and energy/exergy/economic analyses of a smart heat recovery for distillation tower of the Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit of the Petrochemical Plant; designing a low-carbon plant
- Three-dimensional CFD study on thermo-hydraulic behaviour of finned tubes in a heat exchange system for heat transfer enhancement
- A simulation and thermodynamic improvement of the methanol production process with economic analysis: natural gas vapor reforming and utilization of carbon capture
- Optimization of hydrogel composition for effective release of drug
- Mathematical modelling of water-based biogas scrubber operating at digester pressure
- COCO, a process simulator: methane oxidation simulation & its agreement with commercial simulator’s predictions
- Hydrodynamics of shear thinning fluid in a square microchannel: a numerical approach
- Parameter estimation in non-linear chemical processes: an opposite point-based differential evolution (OPDE) approach
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Tuning of PID controllers for unstable first-order plus dead time systems
- Oxygen excess ratio control of PEM fuel cell: fractional order modeling and fractional filter IMC-PID control
- Proposal and energy/exergy/economic analyses of a smart heat recovery for distillation tower of the Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit of the Petrochemical Plant; designing a low-carbon plant
- Three-dimensional CFD study on thermo-hydraulic behaviour of finned tubes in a heat exchange system for heat transfer enhancement
- A simulation and thermodynamic improvement of the methanol production process with economic analysis: natural gas vapor reforming and utilization of carbon capture
- Optimization of hydrogel composition for effective release of drug
- Mathematical modelling of water-based biogas scrubber operating at digester pressure
- COCO, a process simulator: methane oxidation simulation & its agreement with commercial simulator’s predictions
- Hydrodynamics of shear thinning fluid in a square microchannel: a numerical approach
- Parameter estimation in non-linear chemical processes: an opposite point-based differential evolution (OPDE) approach
