Abstract
In this work we propose a contribution for the optimization of the tricalcium phosphate synthesis by a double decomposition with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.5, using Taguchi’s approach in the methodology of experiment design. We used a model involving four factors, namely the pH of the reaction, the concentration of Ca2+ ions, the temperature and the reaction time. We reduced the number of factors by subtracting the temperature, because it varies randomly in its range of variation. So we have developed a much simpler and more robust model by a double optimization. It consists in finding a configuration of the retained factors to synthesize a product with a Ca/P equal to 1.5 with the minimum of dispersion. We propose a synthesis process insensitive to random variations in temperature in its field of experimental variation defined previously. The synthesis process of the tricalcium phosphate is robust and insensitive on the temperature in the range of variation that was analyzed. The resolution of the mathematical model proposes different ways for this synthesis by a factorial variation of the three remaining factors. The proposed mathematical model is linear and efficient with very satisfactory statistical indicators.
-
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
1. Bouler, JM, Pilet, P, Gauthier, O, Verron, E. Biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics for bone reconstruction: a review of biological response. Acta Biomater 2017;53:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.076.Suche in Google Scholar
2. Brazete, D, Torres, PMC, Abrantes, JCC, Ferreira, JMF. Influence of the Ca/P ratio and cooling rate on the allotropic α↔β-tricalcium phosphate phase transformations. Ceram Int 2018;44:8249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.02.005.Suche in Google Scholar
3. Chaair, H, Labjar, H, Britel, O. Synthesis of β-tricalcium phosphate : synthèse du phosphate tricalcique-β. Morphologie 2017;101:120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2017.06.002.Suche in Google Scholar
4. Barralet, JE, Best, SM. Effet of sintering parameters on the density and microstructure of carbonate hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2000;11:719. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008975812793.10.1023/A:1008975812793Suche in Google Scholar
5. Chaair, H. Optimisation de la synthèse en continu des phosphates de calcium. thèse. Toulouse, France: INP; 1993.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Britel, O, Hamad, M, Sallek, B, Chaair, H, Digua, K, Ouadadess, H. Modélisation de la Synthèse de l’Hydroxyapatite Elaborée à Partir du Carbonate de Calcium et de l’Acide Phosphorique. Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat Elem 2006;181:325. https://doi.org/10.1080/104265090970386.Suche in Google Scholar
7. Goupy, J. Pratiquer les plans d’expériences. Paris: Dunod; 2005.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Goupy, J. What kind of experimental design for finding and checking robustness of analytical methods? Anal Chim Acta 2005;544:184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.01.051.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Myers, RH, Montgomery, DC, Anderson-Cook, CM. Response surface methodology: process and product optimization using designed experiments, 4th ed. Wiley; 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Pillet, M. Les plans d’expériences par la méthode Taguchi. Paris: Editions d’Organisation; 1997.Suche in Google Scholar
11. Ganorkar, SB, Shirkhedkar, AA. Design of experiments in liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of pharmaceuticals: analytics, applications, implications and future prospects. Rev Anal Chem 2017;36:1. https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2016-0025.Suche in Google Scholar
12. Sergio, F, Adriana, C, Thaise, B, Ariana, L, Laiana, S, Walter, S. Robustness evaluation in analytical methods optimized using experimental designs. Microchem J 2017;131:163.10.1016/j.microc.2016.12.004Suche in Google Scholar
13. Feinberg, M. Labo-Stat : Guide de validation des méthodes d’analyse. Paris: Lavoisier Tec&Doc; 2009.Suche in Google Scholar
14. Montgomery, DC, Runger, GC. Applied statistics and probability for engineers, 7th ed. Wiley; 2018.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Dagnelie, P. Statistique théorique et appliquée – Tome 2. Inférence statistique à une et à deux dimensions. Bruxelles: De Boeck; 2011.Suche in Google Scholar
16. Taguchi, G. System of experimental design: engineering methods to optimize quality and minimize costs (tome I et II). Kraub: Unipub; 1987.Suche in Google Scholar
17. JMP DemoVersion 14. USA: SAS Institute; 2014.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Robustness study of the tricalcium phosphate synthesis by using Taguchi’s approach
- Sensitivity analysis and optimization of the utility consumption of natural gas liquids (NGLs) process in the Siri Island Gas
- On methods to reduce spurious currents within VOF solver frameworks. Part 1: a review of the static bubble/droplet
- Separation of HCl/water mixture using air gap membrane distillation, Taguchi optimization and artificial neural network
- Dynamic modeling of fouling over multiple biofuel production cycles in a membrane reactor
- Review
- Design of multi-loop control systems for distillation columns: review of past and recent mathematical tools
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Robustness study of the tricalcium phosphate synthesis by using Taguchi’s approach
- Sensitivity analysis and optimization of the utility consumption of natural gas liquids (NGLs) process in the Siri Island Gas
- On methods to reduce spurious currents within VOF solver frameworks. Part 1: a review of the static bubble/droplet
- Separation of HCl/water mixture using air gap membrane distillation, Taguchi optimization and artificial neural network
- Dynamic modeling of fouling over multiple biofuel production cycles in a membrane reactor
- Review
- Design of multi-loop control systems for distillation columns: review of past and recent mathematical tools