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Catabolism of chondroitin sulfate

  • Shuhei Yamada EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 15, 2015
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Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters
From the journal Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters Volume 20 Issue 2

Abstract

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a ubiquitous component of the cell surface and extracellular matrix of animal tissues. CS chains are covalently bound to a core protein to form a proteoglycan, which is involved in various biological events including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Their functions are executed by regulating the activity of bioactive proteins, such as growth factors, morphogens, and cytokines. This review article focuses on the catabolism of CS. This catabolism predominantly occurs in lysosomes to control the activity of CS-proteoglycans. CS chains are fragmented by endo-type glycosidase(s), and the resulting oligosaccharides are then cleaved into monosaccharide moieties from the nonreducing end by exoglycosidases and sulfatases. However, the endo-type glycosidase responsible for the systemic catabolism of CS has not yet been identified. Based on recent advances in studies on hyaluronidases, which were previously considered to be hyaluronan-degrading enzymes, it appears that they recognize CS as their original substrate rather than hyaluronan and acquired hyaluronan-hydrolyzing activity at a relatively late stage of evolution.

Keywords: Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronan; Glycosaminoglycan; Catabolism; Hydrolase; Hyaluronidase; Proteoglycan; Mucopolysaccharidosis

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Received: 2014-10-27
Accepted: 2015-2-1
Published Online: 2015-5-15
Published in Print: 2015-6-1

© University of Wrocław, Poland

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https://doi.org/10.1515/cmble-2015-0011
Keywords for this article
Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronan; Glycosaminoglycan; Catabolism; Hydrolase; Hyaluronidase; Proteoglycan; Mucopolysaccharidosis

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Biochemical evidence for Ca2+-independent functional activation of hPLSCR1 at low pH
  2. Catabolism of chondroitin sulfate
  3. The effect of hypoxia on PGE2-stimulated cAMP generation in HMEC-1
  4. Is there a connection between inflammation, telomerase activity and the transcriptional status of telomerase reverse transcriptase in renal failure?
  5. The beta-actin gene promoter of rohu carp (Labeo rohita) drives reporter gene expressions in transgenic rohu and various cell lines, including spermatogonial stem cells
  6. Molecular machines – a new dimension of biological sciences
  7. Therapeutic potential of PACAP for neurodegenerative diseases
  8. A newly isolated yeast as an expression host for recombinant lipase
  9. Identification of shorter length lamin A protein in mouse ear cartilage tissue
  10. Relationship among IL-6, LDL cholesterol and lipid peroxidation
  11. Study strategies for long non-coding RNAs and their roles in regulating gene expression
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