Rheological Properties and Associated Structural Characteristics of Some Aromatic Polycondensates Including Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters and Cellulose Derivatives (IUPAC Technical Report)
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Rheological Properties and Associated Structural Characteristics of Some Aromatic Polycondensates Including Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters and Cellulose Derivatives (IUPAC Technical Report)
(IUPAC Technical Report)
J.L. White, L. Dong, P. Han, and M. Laun
Pure and Applied Chemistry
Vol. 76, No. 11, pp. 2027–2049 (2004)
Aromatic polycondensates became increasingly important in the 1980s. Characteristic of these polymers are para-linked aromatic rings in their backbones, which tend to make the chains more rigid than aliphatic hydrocarbon (e.g., vinyl) polymers. While such p-linked aromatic polycondensates like poly(carbonate) or poly(ethylene terephthalate) had been known since the 1950s, the full implications were only realized in the 1970s with the discovery that concentrated solutions of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(p-benzamide), and similar polymers exhibited rest state birefringence, liquid-crystalline phases, and associated viscosity reductions. This paper describes a comparative experimental study of shear-flow rheological properties of thermotropic polymer liquid crystals by eight different laboratories. The materials involved four different liquid-crystalline polyesters (LCPs), a glass- fiber-filled liquid-crystalline polyester, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and two non-liquid-crystalline high-temperature polymers, a poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK), and a polyarylate (PAR). Studies were made in both steady shear-flow and dynamic oscillatory experiments. The data from the various laboratories involved were compared. The level of agreement in the data was much less for most liquid-crystalline polymers than for similar isotropic melts. The Cox -Merz rule is valid for PEEK and PAR, but not for the LCPs and HPC. The occurrence of low levels of extrudate swell and high levels of uniaxial orientation in extrudates of the LCPs and HPC is described.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- From the Editor
- Contents
- Welcome to Beijing!
- The Evolution of an Ethic and a Commitment
- Linus Pauling
- Citation Highlights 1998–2003
- How Can IUPAC Facilitate International Collaborative Research?
- COCI Campaigns for the Company Associates Program
- Piet Steyn Wins One of South Africa’s Highest Science Awards
- First ICSU Regional Meeting for Africa
- Standardization of Analytical Approaches and Analytical Capacity-Building in Africa
- Young Ambassadors for Chemistry
- IUPAC Seeks Your Comments
- Definition of Terms Related to Polymer Blends, Composites, and Multiphase Polymeric Materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2004)
- Characterization of Polyamides 6, 11, and 12. Determination of Molecular Weight by Size Exclusion Chromatography (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Rheological Properties and Associated Structural Characteristics of Some Aromatic Polycondensates Including Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters and Cellulose Derivatives (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Name and Symbol of the Element with Atomic Number 111 (IUPAC Recommendations 2004)
- Chemical Actinometry (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Electrochemistry at the Interface between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Special Topic Articles Featuring the 2004 Winners of the IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists
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- Chemistry and You
- Organic Synthesis
- Vanadium Chemistry
- Chemical Thermodynamics
- Phosphorus Chemistry
- Heterocyclic Chemistry
- Soil Science
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- Thermodynamics
- Polymer Blends and Eurofillers
- Polymer Systems
- Organic Solids
- Heterocyclic Chemistry
- Plasma Chemistry
- Novel Aromatic Compounds
- Analytical Chemistry
- Mark Your Calendar
