Nomenclature and terminology for linear lactic acid-based polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
Vert, M., Chen, J., Hellwich, K., et al.
Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2020
Volume 92, Issue 1, pp. 193-211
https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-1007
For more than 60 years, scientists have studied polymers based on lactic acid enantiomers. This family includes aliphatic polyesters and linear, branched, and star copolymers containing lactic acid-based aliphatic polyester segments. These polymers have been developed primarily for applications in biological situations where full performance is required for only a limited period of time, after which degradation and elimination occur. Areas of application include surgery, pharmacology, regenerative medicine, dentistry, ecology, agriculture, packaging, etc. To take full advantage of the outstanding properties of these polymers, it is essential that a unique terminology and mode of naming is used to identify, qualify, and distinguish the members of this polymer family and their particularities.
Structures and names of the lactic acids used for preparation of lactic acid-based polymers
|
|
1:1 mixture of R and S enantiomers (racemate) |
| Preferred IUPAC names (PINs) | ||
| (R)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid | (S)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid | rac -2-hydroxypropanoic acid |
| Other IUPAC approved names | ||
| (R)-lactic acid | (S)-lactic acid | (RS)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid rac-lactic acid (RS)-lactic acid |
A polymer can be systematically named using either the ‘Structure-based’ or the ‘Source-based’ nomenclature systems extended to non-linear macromolecules. Both systems are general and enable the naming of most organic polymers. However, in the case of chiral aliphatic polymers based on lactic acid enantiomers, academic and patent literatures can be confusing, because specialists as well as non-specialists frequently use different names and abbreviations that do not respect the particularities originating from the source and structure-dependent factors affecting material and degradation properties. In order to facilitate an efficient exchange of accurate information, the IUPAC Subcommittee on Polymer Terminology prepared the present recommendations, which provide the nomenclature and terminology rules and the abbreviations to be respected in all fields concerned with the science and the applications of these degradable polymers.
©2020 IUPAC & De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For more information, please visit: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead - Full issue pdf
- Features
- Primo Levi vs. Dmitri Mendeleev
- The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
- Towards a Digital IUPAC
- IUPAC Periodic Table Challenge
- Up for Discussion
- IUPAC Organizational Structure Review
- IUPAC Wire
- Measurements for Global Trade
- IYCN Celebrates Earth Day
- 2020 CHEMRAWN VII Prize for Green Chemistry—Call for Nominations
- Green Chemistry for Life research grants
- John Macor is Awarded the 2020 IUPAC-Richter Prize
- 7th Polymer International–IUPAC Award goes to Guihua Yu
- 2020 IUPAC-ThalesNano Prize In Flow Chemistry and Microfluidics–Call For Nominations
- Advancing Science as a Global Public Good: ISC Action Plan 2019–2021
- Eye-Openers
- Project Place
- In Memoriam
- The Environment, Health and Food Safety Impact of Microplastics
- Structure-based nomenclature for irregular linear, star, comb and brush polymers with different types of constitutional repeating units (CRU)
- Preparation of the 5th Edition of the IUPAC Green Book
- Nomenclature and Associated Terminology for Inorganic Nanoscale Particles
- Per and polyfluroalkyl substances in the environment and their impacts on human health
- IUPAC Provisional Recommendations
- Making an imPACt
- Standard Atomic Weight of Hafnium Revised
- Nomenclature and terminology for linear lactic acid-based polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
- Brief guide to the nomenclature of organic chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Nomenclature for boranes and related species (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
- Conference Call
- TAN 19: International Superheavy Element Research Community
- 4th IUPAC International Conference on Agrochemicals Protecting Crops, Health and Natural EnvironmentDiscovery and development of synthetic and natural products for health and pests management
- MALTA IX Conference on Chemistry and Peace in the Middle East, Malta, December 2019
- Where 2B & Y
- Mark Your Calendar
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead - Full issue pdf
- Features
- Primo Levi vs. Dmitri Mendeleev
- The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
- Towards a Digital IUPAC
- IUPAC Periodic Table Challenge
- Up for Discussion
- IUPAC Organizational Structure Review
- IUPAC Wire
- Measurements for Global Trade
- IYCN Celebrates Earth Day
- 2020 CHEMRAWN VII Prize for Green Chemistry—Call for Nominations
- Green Chemistry for Life research grants
- John Macor is Awarded the 2020 IUPAC-Richter Prize
- 7th Polymer International–IUPAC Award goes to Guihua Yu
- 2020 IUPAC-ThalesNano Prize In Flow Chemistry and Microfluidics–Call For Nominations
- Advancing Science as a Global Public Good: ISC Action Plan 2019–2021
- Eye-Openers
- Project Place
- In Memoriam
- The Environment, Health and Food Safety Impact of Microplastics
- Structure-based nomenclature for irregular linear, star, comb and brush polymers with different types of constitutional repeating units (CRU)
- Preparation of the 5th Edition of the IUPAC Green Book
- Nomenclature and Associated Terminology for Inorganic Nanoscale Particles
- Per and polyfluroalkyl substances in the environment and their impacts on human health
- IUPAC Provisional Recommendations
- Making an imPACt
- Standard Atomic Weight of Hafnium Revised
- Nomenclature and terminology for linear lactic acid-based polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
- Brief guide to the nomenclature of organic chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)
- Nomenclature for boranes and related species (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
- Conference Call
- TAN 19: International Superheavy Element Research Community
- 4th IUPAC International Conference on Agrochemicals Protecting Crops, Health and Natural EnvironmentDiscovery and development of synthetic and natural products for health and pests management
- MALTA IX Conference on Chemistry and Peace in the Middle East, Malta, December 2019
- Where 2B & Y
- Mark Your Calendar
