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A reactive monocyte subset characterized by low expression of CD91 is expanded during sterile and septic inflammation

  • Christian Gosset EMAIL logo , Jacques Foguenne , Mickaël Simul , Nathalie Layios , Paul B. Massion , Pierre Damas and André Gothot
Published/Copyright: January 25, 2024
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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
From the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Volume 62 Issue 7

Abstract

Objectives

This study was undertaken to assess CD91 expression on monocytes and changes in monocyte subset distribution during acute tissue damage and bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methods

We investigated blood specimens from healthy individuals, trauma and cardiac surgery patients as a model of tissue damage, and patients with BSI, by flow cytometry using a panel of antibodies comprising CD45, HLA-DR, CD14, CD16 and CD91 for the identification of monocyte subsets.

Results

While infrequent in healthy subjects, CD91low/neg monocyte levels were markedly high in BSI, trauma and after cardiac surgery. This monocyte subset expanded up to 15-fold in both patient cohorts, whereas CD14+CD16+ inflammatory monocytes were multiplied by a factor of 5 only. CD14+CD91low monocytes displayed a significantly lower density of HLA-DR and markedly reduced expression of CD300e, compared to the other subsets. They also expressed high levels of myeloperoxidase and showed robust phagocytic and oxidative burst activity.

Conclusions

Expansion of CD91low monocytes is a sensitive marker of acute inflammatory states of infectious and non-infectious etiology.

Keywords: monocytes; CD91; bloodstream infection (BSI); inflammation; sepsis; flow cytometry
Corresponding author: Christian Gosset, Department of Hematobiology and Immuno-Hematology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

We thank the technical staff of the cytometry platform at CHU Liège for their contribution in performing the daily setup of the instruments.

  1. Research ethics: The local Institutional Review Board deemed the study exempt from review.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: A.G. and C.G. designed the study; C.G. designed and performed experiments; C.G. analyzed and interpreted data; C.G., J.F. and M.S. supervised flow cytometer setup and operation; P.B.M., N.L. and P.D. were involved in patient recruitment in the intensive care unit of the CHU de Liège, Belgium; A.G., C.G. wrote the manuscript; A.G., C.G., J.F., M.S., P.B.M., N.L. and P.D. revised the manuscript. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  5. Research funding: None declared.

  6. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0992).

Received: 2022-11-22
Accepted: 2023-12-26
Published Online: 2024-01-25
Published in Print: 2024-06-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0992
Keywords for this article
monocytes; CD91; bloodstream infection (BSI); inflammation; sepsis; flow cytometry

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