国际汉语教材中的中国人物性别角色
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增安 彭
彭增安，博士(复旦大学)，复旦大学国际文化交流学院教授，研究兴趣主要为跨文化交际学、语用学和文化教学、中国形象研究，主要论著有《语用﹒修辞﹒文化》、《跨文化的语言传通》、《隐喻研究的新视角》等。
Zeng’an Peng , Ph.D.(Fudan University), a Professor of International Cultural Exchange School, Fudan University, is mainly interested in intercultural communication, pragmatics and cultural teaching, and the study of image of China. His main works includePragmatics, Rhetoric and Culture, Intercultural Language Communication , andA New Perspective of Metaphor Studies .
and
晓莉 闫
闫晓莉，硕士（复旦大学），上海市工业综合开发区职员，中级经济师，研究兴趣主要有汉语言文学、对外汉语教学、汉语教材编写研究，2016 年共同发表论文《国际汉语教材中的中国男女人物性格特征研究》。
Xiaoli Yan , Master of Art (Fudan University), staff member of Shanghai Industrial Development Zone and intermediate economist, is mainly interested in Chinese language and literature, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, compiling Chinese textbooks. In 2016, she co-published a paper entitled Research on the Personality Characteristics of Chinese Men and Women in International Chinese Textbooks.
提要：
国际汉语教材既是外国学习者学习汉语知识的工具，也是了解中国的一个重要窗口。教材中的人物设置及性别刻板印象会对学习者产生潜移默化的影响。本文从人物设定、作者性别、角色职业分布和角色职业出现的频次等方面着手，对较有代表性的五套国际汉语综合教材进行了数据统计和文本分析，发现国际汉语教材中确实存在对中国男女角色的性别刻板印象。文章分析总结了国际汉语教材中出现中国男女性别刻板印象的一些原因，并对如何消解教材中的中国性别角色刻板印象提出了几点建议。
Abstract
International Chinese textbooks are not only a tool for foreign learners to learn Chinese, but also an important window to understand China. The setting of characters and gender stereotypes in textbooks will exert a subtle influence on learners. Starting from the aspects of character setting, author’s gender, the frequency of gender roles in text content and illustrations, the distribution of roles and occupations, and the frequency of occurrence of roles and occupations, this paper undertakes statistical data and text analysis on five representative sets of comprehensive textbooks of international Chinese, and finds characters few in number and imbalanced in distribution. Among the clearly identified gender of the authors of the selected texts, male authors are obviously more than female authors; the frequency of male roles in both texts and illustrations is absolutely superior to that of Chinese women; from the perspective of activity areas, Chinese women are more likely to appear in the family field than Chinese men; male occupations are broader and occupational categories are more extensive. The study finds that gender stereotypes do exist in international Chinese textbooks in the above aspects of the roles of Chinese men and women. This paper analyses and summarizes some reasons for the stereotype of Chinese men and women in international Chinese textbooks. One reason is that the division of labor between men and women in real society is indeed different, meaning that the differences in gender roles between men and women found in the survey are partly due to the true reflection of real life, and the other reason is that the editors of Chinese textbooks do not have gender awareness when compiling textbooks, which is very important in the compiling process. Although the compilers of international Chinese textbooks generally have an international perspective and cross-cultural awareness, they do not show a strong sense of gender equality in the compilation of textbooks, and they do not consider gender balance in many cases, which results in the inequality between men and women in many aspects of textbooks. The paper puts forward some suggestions on how to eliminate the stereotype of Chinese gender roles in textbooks, such as paying attention to the balance between gender consciousness and gender roles when setting characters in textbooks, paying attention to the frequency balance between men and women when choosing characters to appear in the textbooks, and making the occupations of characters more diversified to satisfy learners’ interest in different occupations, especially to diversify the occupational categories of Chinese women.
Funding statement: 国家社科基金资助项目“国际汉语教材中的中国形象调查研究” （15BYY089）成果。
About the authors
彭增安，博士(复旦大学)，复旦大学国际文化交流学院教授，研究兴趣主要为跨文化交际学、语用学和文化教学、中国形象研究，主要论著有《语用﹒修辞﹒文化》、《跨文化的语言传通》、《隐喻研究的新视角》等。
Zeng’an Peng, Ph.D.(Fudan University), a Professor of International Cultural Exchange School, Fudan University, is mainly interested in intercultural communication, pragmatics and cultural teaching, and the study of image of China. His main works include Pragmatics, Rhetoric and Culture, Intercultural Language Communication, and A New Perspective of Metaphor Studies.
闫晓莉，硕士（复旦大学），上海市工业综合开发区职员，中级经济师，研究兴趣主要有汉语言文学、对外汉语教学、汉语教材编写研究，2016 年共同发表论文《国际汉语教材中的中国男女人物性格特征研究》。
Xiaoli Yan, Master of Art (Fudan University), staff member of Shanghai Industrial Development Zone and intermediate economist, is mainly interested in Chinese language and literature, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, compiling Chinese textbooks. In 2016, she co-published a paper entitled Research on the Personality Characteristics of Chinese Men and Women in International Chinese Textbooks.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Papers in English
- Chinese L2 acquisition of sense relatedness for shàng “to go up”
- Dialectics versus polemics in Chinese rhetoric: A study of indirection in Chinese and Chinese ESL argumentative writing as compared with English argumentative writing
- Perceptual cue weighting in L1 and L2 Chinese: An investigation of aspiration and frication in Chinese obstruents by Danish learners
- Papers in Chinese
- 国际汉语教材中的中国人物性别角色
- 汉语作为外语写作焦虑的质性研究
- 人文社會科學語料庫與學術搭配詞檢索系統之建置與專業華語教學
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Papers in English
- Chinese L2 acquisition of sense relatedness for shàng “to go up”
- Dialectics versus polemics in Chinese rhetoric: A study of indirection in Chinese and Chinese ESL argumentative writing as compared with English argumentative writing
- Perceptual cue weighting in L1 and L2 Chinese: An investigation of aspiration and frication in Chinese obstruents by Danish learners
- Papers in Chinese
- 国际汉语教材中的中国人物性别角色
- 汉语作为外语写作焦虑的质性研究
- 人文社會科學語料庫與學術搭配詞檢索系統之建置與專業華語教學
