Evolution of ABC transporters by gene duplication and their role in human disease
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Karobi Moitra
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes represent the largest family of transporters and these genes are abundant in the genome of all vertebrates. Through analysis of the genome sequence databases we have characterized the full complement of ABC genes from several mammals and other vertebrates. Multiple gene duplication and deletion events were identified in ABC genes in different lineages indicating that the process of gene evolution is still ongoing. Gene duplication resulting in either gene birth or gene death plays a major role in the evolution of the vertebrate ABC genes. The understanding of this mechanism is important in the context of human health because these ABC genes are associated with human disease, involving nearly all organ systems of the body. In addition, ABC genes play an important role in the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. Future genetic, functional, and evolutionary studies of ABC transporters will provide important insight into human and animal biology.
©2011 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- Publisher’s Note
- Publisher’s Note
- Guest Editorial
- Highlight: Membrane transport in light of structure, function, and evolution
- HIGHLIGHT: MEMBRANE TRANSPORT IN LIGHT OF STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND EVOLUTION
- Pathways of transport protein evolution: recent advances
- Evolution of YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 insertases: three independent gene duplications followed by functional specialization in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts
- Omp85 in eukaryotic systems: one protein family with distinct functions
- Evolution of ABC transporters by gene duplication and their role in human disease
- A structural and functional analysis of type III periplasmic and substrate binding proteins: their role in bacterial siderophore and heme transport
- The multidrug transporter Pdr5: a molecular diode?
- The lysosomal polypeptide transporter TAPL: more than a housekeeping factor?
- Pumping lipids with P4-ATPases
- Transporters, Trojan horses and therapeutics: suitability of bile acid and peptide transporters for drug delivery
- Substrate recognition and translocation by polyspecific organic cation transporters
- The ugly side of amphetamines: short- and long-term toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’), methamphetamine and d-amphetamine
- SLC22 transporter family proteins as targets for cytostatic uptake into tumor cells
- Role of the Ca2+-activated Cl- channels bestrophin and anoctamin in epithelial cells
- Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer techniques on rotary ATP synthases
- Structure determination of channel and transport proteins by high-resolution microscopy techniques
Articles in the same Issue
- Publisher’s Note
- Publisher’s Note
- Guest Editorial
- Highlight: Membrane transport in light of structure, function, and evolution
- HIGHLIGHT: MEMBRANE TRANSPORT IN LIGHT OF STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND EVOLUTION
- Pathways of transport protein evolution: recent advances
- Evolution of YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 insertases: three independent gene duplications followed by functional specialization in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts
- Omp85 in eukaryotic systems: one protein family with distinct functions
- Evolution of ABC transporters by gene duplication and their role in human disease
- A structural and functional analysis of type III periplasmic and substrate binding proteins: their role in bacterial siderophore and heme transport
- The multidrug transporter Pdr5: a molecular diode?
- The lysosomal polypeptide transporter TAPL: more than a housekeeping factor?
- Pumping lipids with P4-ATPases
- Transporters, Trojan horses and therapeutics: suitability of bile acid and peptide transporters for drug delivery
- Substrate recognition and translocation by polyspecific organic cation transporters
- The ugly side of amphetamines: short- and long-term toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’), methamphetamine and d-amphetamine
- SLC22 transporter family proteins as targets for cytostatic uptake into tumor cells
- Role of the Ca2+-activated Cl- channels bestrophin and anoctamin in epithelial cells
- Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer techniques on rotary ATP synthases
- Structure determination of channel and transport proteins by high-resolution microscopy techniques
