Home Thai university students studying in China: Identity, imagined communities, and communities of practice
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Thai university students studying in China: Identity, imagined communities, and communities of practice

  • (Mark) Feng Teng EMAIL logo and Gavin Bui ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: October 9, 2018
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

Previous research on studying abroad has documented the value of exploring students’ interactions with the members of their host community with a focus on the theoretical concepts of identity, imagined communities, and communities of practice. Following this line of research, this qualitative study breaks new ground through investigating how nine Thai students studying in China navigated the complex process of identity negotiation in their imagined communities and communities of practice. This investigation revisits intercultural sensitivity, proximity and boundaries in exploring how the students’ communities of practice afforded different opportunities to demonstrate their identities. The findings reveal that the students envisioned belonging to an imagined community of foreign students in China by demonstrating the identities of cross-cultural mediators and dedicated language learners. However, the misalignment between the students’ imaginations and the realities in their host communities caused predicaments with their identity negotiation. The Thai students’ multi-layered experiences and the social contexts of Chinese language learning influenced their identities, which in turn mediated their senses of belonging to imagined communities of Chinese speakers, and their self-perceived Chinese language competencies. Relevant pedagogical implications of the findings are discussed.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Maurice Yip’s comments on the initial draft of this paper. The authors would also like to thank the students for participating in this study, and the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments and feedback.

References

Allen, H. 2010. Interactive contact as linguistic affordance during short-term study abroad: Myth or reality? Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 19. 1–26.10.36366/frontiers.v19i1.271Search in Google Scholar

Anderson, B. (ed.). 1991. Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.Search in Google Scholar

Barkhuizen, G., P. Benson & A. Chik. 2014. Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. New York, NY: Routledge.10.4324/9780203124994Search in Google Scholar

Bennett, M. J. 2004. Becoming interculturally competent. In J. S. Wurzel (ed.), Toward multiculturalism: A reader in multicultural education, 62–77. Newton, MA: Intercultural Resource Corporation.Search in Google Scholar

Benson, P., G. Barkhuizen, P. Bodycott & J. Brown. 2012. Study abroad and the development of second language identities. Applied Linguistics Review 3. 173–193.10.1515/applirev-2012-0008Search in Google Scholar

Blackledge, A. & A. Pavlenko. 2001. Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts. International Journal of Bilingualism 5. 243–257.10.1177/13670069010050030101Search in Google Scholar

Block, D. 2007a. Second language identities. New York: Continuum.Search in Google Scholar

Block, D. 2007b. The rise of identity in SLA research: Post Firth and Wagner (1997). Modern Language Journal 91. 863–876.10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00674.xSearch in Google Scholar

Bruner, J. 1990. Acts of meaning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Bui, G., & F. Teng. (2018 Accepted). Unmasking complexity in L2 and L3 motivational systems: A Dynamic Systems Theory perspective. The Language Learning Journal.10.1080/09571736.2019.1610032Search in Google Scholar

China news. 2016. Chinese factors lure Thai students. https://studyandexplorechina.weebly.com/chinese-factors-lure-thai-students-to-study-in-china.html (accessed 11 September 2017).Search in Google Scholar

Clément, R., K. A. Noels & P. D. MacIntyre. 2007. Three variations on the social psychology of bilinguality: Context effects in motivation, usage and identity. In A. Weatherall, B. M. Watson & C. Gallois (eds.), Language, discourse and social psychology, 51–77. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230206168_3Search in Google Scholar

Dagenais, D. 2003. Accessing imagined communities through multilingualism and immersion education. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education 2(4). 269–283.10.1207/S15327701JLIE0204_3Search in Google Scholar

Du, H. 2015. American college students studying abroad in China: Language, identity, and self-presentation. Foreign Language Annals 22. 140–154.10.1111/flan.12138Search in Google Scholar

Fearon, J. D. 1999. What is identity? https://web.stanford.edu/group/fearon-research/cgi-bin/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/What-is-Identity-as-we-now-use-the-word-.pdf (accessed 12 September 2017)Search in Google Scholar

Freed, B., N. Segalowitz & D. Dewey. 2004. Contexts of learning and second language fluency in French: Comparing regular classrooms, study abroad, and intensive domestic programs. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 26. 275–301.10.1017/S0272263104262064Search in Google Scholar

Gao, F. 2012a. Imagined identity of ethnic Koreans and its implication for bilingual education in China. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 15(3). 343–353.10.1080/13670050.2011.636146Search in Google Scholar

Gao, F. 2012b. Imagined community, identity, and Chinese language teaching in Hong Kong. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 15(3). 343–353.10.1075/japc.22.1.08gaoSearch in Google Scholar

Handley, K., A. Sturdy, R. Fincham & T. Clark. 2006. Within and beyond communities of practice: Making sense of learning through participation, identity and practice. Journal of Management Studies 43(3). 641–653.10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00605.xSearch in Google Scholar

Jackson, J. 2008. Language, identity and study abroad: Social cultural perspectives. London: Equinox.Search in Google Scholar

Jackson, J. 2017. The personal, linguistic, and intercultural development of Chinese sojourners in an English-speaking country. Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education 2. 80–106.10.1075/sar.2.1.04jacSearch in Google Scholar

Kanno, Y. & B. Norton. 2003. Imagined communities and educational possibilities: Introduction. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education 2(4). 241–249.10.1207/S15327701JLIE0204_1Search in Google Scholar

Kinginger, C. 2004. Alice doesn’t live here anymore: Foreign language learning and identity reconstruction. In A. Pavlenko & A. Blackledge (eds.), Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts, 219–242. Tonawanda, NY: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781853596483-010Search in Google Scholar

Kinginger, C. 2008. Language learning in study abroad: Case studies of Americans in France [Monograph]. Modern Language Journal 92(s1), 1–124.10.1111/j.1540-4781.2008.00821.xSearch in Google Scholar

Kinginger, C. 2009. Language learning and study abroad: A critical reading of research. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230240766Search in Google Scholar

Kinginger, C. 2013. Identity and language learning in study abroad. Foreign Language Annals, 46(3), 339–358.10.1111/flan.12037Search in Google Scholar

Kinginger, C. 2011. Enhancing language learning in study abroad. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 31. 58–73.10.1017/S0267190511000031Search in Google Scholar

Lave, J. & E. Wenger. 1991. Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511815355Search in Google Scholar

Lewin, R. (ed.). 2010. The handbook of practice and research in study abroad: Higher education and the quest for global citizenship. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9780203876640Search in Google Scholar

Man, L., G. Bui & F. Teng. 2018. From second language to third language learning: Exploring a dual-motivation system among multilinguals. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 41(1), 61–90.10.1075/aral.17051.manSearch in Google Scholar

Meinhof, U. H. & D. Galasinski. 2005. The language of belonging. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230504301Search in Google Scholar

Müller, M. & B. Schmenk. 2017. Conceptualizations, images, and evaluations of culture in study abroad students. The Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 19(2). 128–150.Search in Google Scholar

Norton, B. 2000. Identity and language learning: Gender, ethnicity and educational change. Harlow, UK: Pearson Education/Longman.Search in Google Scholar

Norton, B. 2001. Non-participation, imagined communities, and the classroom. In M. Breen (ed.), Learner contributions to language learning: New directions in research, 159–171. Harlow, England: Pearson.Search in Google Scholar

Pavlenko, A. & B. Norton. 2007. Imagined communities, identity, and English language learning. In J. Cummins & C. Davison (eds.), International handbook of English language teaching, 669–680. New York, NY: Springer US.10.1007/978-0-387-46301-8_43Search in Google Scholar

Pellegrino, V. A. 2005. Study abroad and second language use: Constructing the self. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511620584Search in Google Scholar

Silverman, D. 2001. Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analyzing talk, text and interaction (2nd). London: Sage.10.1177/146879410200200111Search in Google Scholar

Strauss, A. & J. M. Corbin. 1990. Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Teng, F. 2017. Imagined community, identity, and teaching Chinese as a second language to foreign students in China. Frontiers of Education in China 12(4). 490–514.10.1007/s11516-017-0035-0Search in Google Scholar

Teng, F. 2018. Autonomy, agency, and identity in teaching and learning English as a foreign language. Springer: Singapore.10.1007/978-981-13-0728-7Search in Google Scholar

Thomas, B. 2013. The problematization of racial/ethnic minority student participation in U.S. study abroad. Applied Linguistics Review 4(2). 365–390.10.1515/applirev-2013-0016Search in Google Scholar

Ting-Toomey, S. 2005. Identity negotiation theory: Crossing cultural boundaries. In W. B. Gudykunst (ed.), Theorizing about intercultural communication, 211–234. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Trentman, E. 2013. Imagined communities and language learning during study abroad: Arabic learners in Egypt: Imagined communities and language learning during study abroad. Foreign Language Annals 46(4). 545–564.10.1111/flan.12054Search in Google Scholar

Umino, T. & P. Benson. 2016. Communities of practice in study abroad: A four-year study of an Indonesian student’s experience in Japan. The Modern Language Journal 100(4). 757–774.10.1111/modl.12351Search in Google Scholar

Wenger, E. 1998. Communities of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511803932Search in Google Scholar

Yim, S. Y. 2016. EFL young learners: Their imagined communities and language learning. ELT Journal 70. 57–66.10.1093/elt/ccv037Search in Google Scholar

Young, J. T., R. Natrajan-Tyagi & J. J. Platt. 2015. Identity in flux: Negotiating identity while studying abroad. Journal of Experiential Education 38(2). 175–188.10.1177/1053825914531920Search in Google Scholar

Appendix: Sample questions for interview

  1. What motivates you to learn Chinese?

  2. Could you please share with us some stories or interesting experiences related to your Chinese language learning?

  3. What difficulties have you encountered for learning Chinese?

  4. What is the difference in terms of learning Chinese in Thailand and China?

  5. Could you please share with us some interesting stories happened to you after coming to China?

  6. How do you perceive yourself after learning Chinese?

  7. What personally and professionally have you gained after this exchange program?

  8. What emotional anecdotes do you want to share with us during your life in China?

Published Online: 2018-10-09
Published in Print: 2020-05-26

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 27.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/applirev-2017-0109/html
Scroll to top button