Direct generation of superhydrophobic microstructures in metals by UV laser sources in the nanosecond regime

Jose L. Ocaña; R. Jagdheesh; J.J. García-Ballesteros

doi:10.1515/aot-2016-0002

Article

Direct generation of superhydrophobic microstructures in metals by UV laser sources in the nanosecond regime

Jose L. Ocaña
Jose L. Ocaña was awarded his MSc (1979) and a PhD (1982) in Industrial Engineering (Energy) at the Polytechnical University of Madrid (Spain). He is Chair Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the ETSII-UPM School of Engineering and Director of the UPM Laser Centre at this University. He is responsible for coordination of worldwide R&D initiatives in the field of scientific and industrial applications of high-power lasers, especially in high-intensity laser-matter interaction, laser welding, laser surface treatments, laser micromachining, and on-line monitoring and control of industrial laser applications. Author/coauthor of more than 150 scientific papers and more than 200 communications in the field of laser technology and applications. Former Chairman of EULASNET II (Eureka Umbrella Network for Laser Technology and Applications). Member of the Executive Board of the European Laser Institute (ELI).
, R. Jagdheesh
R. Jagdheesh, was awarded his MSc (1998) and PhD (2005) in Physics from Bharathidasan University, India. After the PhD, he worked as postdoctoral fellow at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technologies in India, ENSMA CNRS in France, University of Twente in Netherlands, and University of New South Wales, Australia before he joined the CLUPM, Polytechnical University of Madrid in Spain. His research is focused on laser cladding, laser surface alloying and laser micromachining for surface functionalization. He has published more than 35 research papers in journals and conference proceedings.
and J.J. García-Ballesteros
J.J. García-Ballesteros, was awarded his MSc in Physics (2004) and PhD in Applied Sciences (2016) at the Polytechnical University of Madrid (Spain). Specialist in short pulse laser-matter interaction and development of laser micromanufacturing applications, with high experience in ns and ps laser systems.

Published/Copyright: February 29, 2016

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From the journal Advanced Optical Technologies Volume 5 Issue 1

Abstract

The current availability of new advanced fiber and DPSS lasers with characteristic pulse lengths ranging from ns to fs has provided a unique frame in which the development of laser-generated microstructures has been made possible for very diverse kinds of materials and applications. At the same time, the development of the appropriate laser-processing workstations granting the appropriate precision and repeatability of the respective laser interaction processes in line with the characteristic dimension features required in the microstructured samples has definitively consolidated laser surface microstructuring as a reference domain, nowadays, unavoidable for the design and manufacturing of current use microsystem: MEMSs, fluidic devices, advanced sensors, biomedical devices and instruments, etc., are all among the most well-known developments of the micromanufacturing technology. Completing the broad spectrum of applications developed mostly involving the generation of geometrical features on a subtrate with specific functional purposes, a relatively new, emerging class of laser-microstructuring techniques is finding an important niche of application in the generation of physically structured surfaces (particularly of metallic materials) with specific contact, friction, and wear functionalities, for whose generation the concourse of different types of laser sources is being found as an appropriate tool. In this paper, the application of laser sources with emission in the UV and at ns time regime to the surface structuration of metal surfaces (specifically Al) for the modification of their wettability properties is described as an attractive application basis for the generation of self-cleaning properties of extended functional surfaces. Flat aluminum sheets of thickness 100 μm were laser machined with ultraviolet laser pulses of 30 ns with different laser parameters to optimize the process parameters. The samples produced at the optimum conditions with respect to contact angle measurement were subjected to microstructure and chemical analysis. The wetting properties were evaluated by static contact angle measurements on the laser-patterned surface. The laser-patterned microstructures exhibited superhydrophobicity with a maximum contact angle of 180° for the droplet volumes in the range of 8–12 μl.

Keywords: laser surface structuration; ns lasers; superhydrophobicity

Corresponding author: Jose L. Ocaña, UPM Laser Centre, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ctra. Valencia, km 7.3, 28031 Madrid, Spain, e-mail: jlocana@etsii.upm.es.

About the authors

Jose L. Ocaña

Jose L. Ocaña was awarded his MSc (1979) and a PhD (1982) in Industrial Engineering (Energy) at the Polytechnical University of Madrid (Spain). He is Chair Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the ETSII-UPM School of Engineering and Director of the UPM Laser Centre at this University. He is responsible for coordination of worldwide R&D initiatives in the field of scientific and industrial applications of high-power lasers, especially in high-intensity laser-matter interaction, laser welding, laser surface treatments, laser micromachining, and on-line monitoring and control of industrial laser applications. Author/coauthor of more than 150 scientific papers and more than 200 communications in the field of laser technology and applications. Former Chairman of EULASNET II (Eureka Umbrella Network for Laser Technology and Applications). Member of the Executive Board of the European Laser Institute (ELI).

R. Jagdheesh

R. Jagdheesh, was awarded his MSc (1998) and PhD (2005) in Physics from Bharathidasan University, India. After the PhD, he worked as postdoctoral fellow at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technologies in India, ENSMA CNRS in France, University of Twente in Netherlands, and University of New South Wales, Australia before he joined the CLUPM, Polytechnical University of Madrid in Spain. His research is focused on laser cladding, laser surface alloying and laser micromachining for surface functionalization. He has published more than 35 research papers in journals and conference proceedings.

J.J. García-Ballesteros

J.J. García-Ballesteros, was awarded his MSc in Physics (2004) and PhD in Applied Sciences (2016) at the Polytechnical University of Madrid (Spain). Specialist in short pulse laser-matter interaction and development of laser micromanufacturing applications, with high experience in ns and ps laser systems.

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to BSH Electrodomésticos España S.A. for their support in executing this work.

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Received: 2016-1-5

Accepted: 2016-1-22

Published Online: 2016-2-29

Published in Print: 2016-2-1

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/aot-2016-0002

Keywords for this article

laser surface structuration; ns lasers; superhydrophobicity