Factors associated with hypospadias in Asian newborn babies
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Jin Ho Chong
Abstract
Aims: Previous studies reported an increasing temporal trend of hypospadias and a significant association with poor intrauterine growth. It remains unclear whether the association relates to birth weight, degree of prematurity or intra-uterine growth. The objective was to study the incidence of hypospadias and to examine the association with various risk factors.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was carried out of infants admitted to a neonatal unit from January 1st, 1999 to December 31st, 2005.
Results: Of 6538 male live births, 27 (0.41%) infants had hypospadias. Incidence increased from 2.85 per thousand in 1999 to 6.89 per thousand in 2005. Hypospadias occurred significantly more frequently in babies born small for gestational age (SGA), in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, those born preterm and to mothers with preeclampsia (PET). Logistic regression revealed that VLBW (OR 14.12, CI 5.48–36.39), maternal PET (OR 3.90, CI 1.50–10.14) and SGA (OR 3.23, CI 1.25–8.37) as independent risk factors.
Conclusions: Hypospadias is associated with VLBW, maternal PET and poor intra-uterine growth, but not with preterm birth. A rising trend in the incidence of hypospadias was noted in our population of Asian babies, suggesting a universal phenomenon.
References
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©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Articles in the same Issue
- WAPM-Newsletter No 2/2006 ACTIVITIES OF THE “INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF PERINATAL MEDICINE”
- Editorial
- Neurosonography in the second half of fetal life: a neonatologist's point of view
- Normal and abnormal transformation of the spiral arteries during pregnancy
- Lessons learned from maternal deaths at an East African health center
- Maternal venous procalcitonin levels do not correlate with umbilical cord blood and venous blood concentrations in the neonate
- Increased cortisol concentrations in the cord blood of newborns whose mothers smoked during pregnancy
- The assessment of fetal behavior of growth restricted fetuses by 4D sonography
- Impact of fetal blood sampling on vaginal delivery and neonatal outcome in deliveries complicated by pathologic fetal heart rate: a population based cohort study
- Postnatal growth failure in preterm infants: ascertainment and relation to long-term outcome
- Impact of breast-feeding on psychomotor and neuropsychological development in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period
- Factors associated with hypospadias in Asian newborn babies
- Spontaneous dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy affected by TTTS: follow-up from diagnosis to three months of extrauterine life
- Antibiotic therapy for preterm premature rupture of membranes
- Reply
- Delivery of a healthy child 30 weeks after resuscitation for thromboembolism and treatment with danaparoid: 5-year follow up
- Seasonality of birth and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- Errata
- Congress Calendar
- Index Volume 34 (2006)
- Index - Subjects
- Index - Authors
- Acknowledgement
Articles in the same Issue
- WAPM-Newsletter No 2/2006 ACTIVITIES OF THE “INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF PERINATAL MEDICINE”
- Editorial
- Neurosonography in the second half of fetal life: a neonatologist's point of view
- Normal and abnormal transformation of the spiral arteries during pregnancy
- Lessons learned from maternal deaths at an East African health center
- Maternal venous procalcitonin levels do not correlate with umbilical cord blood and venous blood concentrations in the neonate
- Increased cortisol concentrations in the cord blood of newborns whose mothers smoked during pregnancy
- The assessment of fetal behavior of growth restricted fetuses by 4D sonography
- Impact of fetal blood sampling on vaginal delivery and neonatal outcome in deliveries complicated by pathologic fetal heart rate: a population based cohort study
- Postnatal growth failure in preterm infants: ascertainment and relation to long-term outcome
- Impact of breast-feeding on psychomotor and neuropsychological development in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period
- Factors associated with hypospadias in Asian newborn babies
- Spontaneous dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy affected by TTTS: follow-up from diagnosis to three months of extrauterine life
- Antibiotic therapy for preterm premature rupture of membranes
- Reply
- Delivery of a healthy child 30 weeks after resuscitation for thromboembolism and treatment with danaparoid: 5-year follow up
- Seasonality of birth and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- Errata
- Congress Calendar
- Index Volume 34 (2006)
- Index - Subjects
- Index - Authors
- Acknowledgement