Home De-esterification and sulfonation in spruce CTMP: Effects on pulp and paper properties
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

De-esterification and sulfonation in spruce CTMP: Effects on pulp and paper properties

  • Jonas Konn , Lari Vähäsalo , Andrey Pranovich and Bjarne Holmbom
Published/Copyright: July 18, 2006
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Holzforschung
From the journal Volume 60 Issue 4

Abstract

De-esterification and sulfonation reactions, which create new anionic groups in the middle lamella and primary wall layers, are the key chemical reactions in chemithermomechanical pulping. The effects of these reactions on the resulting fibre dimensions, refining energy demand, hand-sheet bulk and strength properties were assessed by laboratory-scale chemical pre-treatments and refining of Norway spruce chips. After pre-treatments with alkaline, sulfite, alkaline sulfite and alkaline peroxide liquors, a Wing defibrator-type batch refiner was used. The refining energy was measured. The degree of alkaline hydrolysis of acetyl and methyl ester groups in galactoglucomannans (GGMs) and pectins, and the degree of lignin sulfonation were determined. Hand-sheets were prepared and their physical properties were tested. The data were subjected to multivariate analysis and the order of significance of the chemical reactions towards pulp and paper properties was estimated. Chemical pre-treatments were found to increase the fibre length and the energy demand considerably. The fibre length and width after refining were strongly influenced by lignin sulfonation and pectin demethylation. GGM deacetylation had little influence on preserving the fibre dimensions in CTMP refining. The bulk, on the other hand, was highly influenced by GGM deacetylation. Peroxide reactions in alkaline peroxide treatments had no effect on the pulp and paper properties.

:

Corresponding author: Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland

References

Atack, D., Heitner, C., Stationwala, M.I. (1978) Ultra high yield pulping of eastern black spruce. Svensk Papperstidn.81:164–176.Search in Google Scholar

Atack, D., Heitner, C., Stationwala, M.I. (1980) Ultra high yield pulping of eastern black spruce Part 2. Svensk Papperstidn.83:133–141.Search in Google Scholar

Beatson, R.P., Heitner, C., Atack, D. (1984) Factors affecting the sulphonation of spruce. J. Pulp Pap. Sci.10:12–17.Search in Google Scholar

Hafrén, J., Daniel, G. (2003) Distribution of methyl-esterified galacturonan in chemical and mechanical pulp fibres. J. Wood Sci.49:361–365.10.1007/s10086-002-0488-4Search in Google Scholar

Hatton, J.V., Johal, S.S. (1996) Mechanical pulping of commercial thinnings of six softwoods from New Brunswick. Pulp Pap. Can.97:93–97.Search in Google Scholar

Holmbom, B., Pranovich, A. (1998) Fibre chemistry of alkaline treatment and peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulp. In: Proceedings of the 5th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp, Aveiro. pp. 559–562.Search in Google Scholar

ISO standard (1998) ISO 5263:1995, Pulps – Laboratory wet disintegration.Search in Google Scholar

ISO standard (1998) ISO 5269-1:1979, Pulps – Preparation of laboratory sheets for physical testing Part 1: Conventional sheet formed method.Search in Google Scholar

ISO standard (1998) ISO 5267-2:1980, Pulps – Determination of drainability Part 2: “ Canadian Standard ” freeness method.Search in Google Scholar

ISO standard (1998) ISO 5270:1979, Pulps – Laboratory sheets – Determinations of physical properties.Search in Google Scholar

Iwamida, T., Sumi, Y., Nakano, J. (1980) Mechanisms of softening and refining in high yield sulfite pulping processes. Cell. Chem. Technol.14:253–268.Search in Google Scholar

Katz, S., Liebergott, N., Scallan A.M. (1981) A mechanism for the alkali strengthening of mechanical pulps. Tappi64:97–100.Search in Google Scholar

Konn, J., Holmbom, B., Nickull O. (2002) Chemical reactions in chemimechanical pulping: Material balances of wood components in a CTMP process. J. Pulp Pap. Sci.28:395–399.Search in Google Scholar

Konn, J., Pranovich, A., Holmbom B. (2006) Dissolution of fibre material in alkaline pre-treatment and refining of spruce CTMP. Holzforschung60:32–39.10.1515/HF.2006.007Search in Google Scholar

Lai, Y.-Z., Iwamida, T. (1992) Effects of chemical treatment on ultra-high-yield pulping. II. Fibre properties of Norway spruce chemimechanical pulps. Cell. Chem. Technol.26:333–344.Search in Google Scholar

Miles, K.B., Karnis, A. (1993) The refining characteristics of chemimechanical pulps. Tappi J.76:181–188.Search in Google Scholar

Öhlander, K., Salmén, L., Htun, M. (1989) Relation between mechanical properties of pulp fibres and the activation energy of softening as affected by sulfonation. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.5:60–64.Search in Google Scholar

Page, D.H. (1994) A note on the mechanism of tearing strength. Tappi J.77:201–203.Search in Google Scholar

Pan, G.X. (2004) Relationship between dissolution of fibre materials and development of pulp strength in alkaline peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulp. Holzforschung58:369–374.10.1515/HF.2004.056Search in Google Scholar

Peng, F., Johansson, L. (1996) Characterisation of mechanical pulp fibres. J. Pulp Pap. Sci.22:252–257.Search in Google Scholar

Pranovich, A.V., Eckerman, C., Holmbom, B. (2002) Determination of methanol released from wood and mechanical pulp by headspace solid-phase microextraction. J. Pulp Pap. Sci.28:199–203.Search in Google Scholar

Pranovich, A.V., Sundberg, K., Holmbom, B. (2003) Chemical changes in thermomechanical pulp at alkaline conditions. J. Wood Chem. Technol.23:89–112.Search in Google Scholar

Salmén, L., Petterson, B. (1995) The primary wall; important for the fibre separation in mechanical pulping. Cell. Chem. Technol.29:331–337.Search in Google Scholar

Scallan, A.M. (1983) The effect of acidic groups on the swelling of pulps: A review. Tappi J.66:73–75.Search in Google Scholar

Sundberg, A., Sundberg, K., Lillandt, C., Holmbom, B. (1996) Determination of hemicelluloses and pectin in wood and pulp fibres by acid methanolysis and gas chromatography. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.11:216–219, 226.Search in Google Scholar

Sundström, L., Brolin, A., Hartler, N. (1993) Fibrillation and its importance for the properties of mechanical pulp fibre sheets. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.8:379–383.10.3183/npprj-1993-08-04-p379-383Search in Google Scholar

Westermark, U., Samuelsson, B. (1993) A spectrophotometric method for the determination of sulfonic acids in wood material. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.8:358–359, 398.10.3183/npprj-1993-08-04-p358-359Search in Google Scholar

Westermark, U., Vennigerholz, F. (1995) Morphological distribution of acidic and methylesterified pectin in the wood cell wall. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Wood Pulping Chemistry, Helsinki, Vol. 1. pp. 101–106.Search in Google Scholar

Westermark, U., Hardell, H.-L., Iversen, T. (1986) The content of protein and pectin in the middle lamella/primary wall from spruce wood. Holzforschung40:65–68.10.1515/hfsg.1986.40.2.65Search in Google Scholar

Westermark, U., Samuelsson, U., Simonson, R., Pihl, R. (1987) Investigation of a selective sulfonation of wood chips. Part 5. Thermomechanical pulping with low addition of sulfite. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.2:146–151.10.3183/npprj-1987-02-04-p146-151Search in Google Scholar

Zhang, Y., Sjögren, B., Engstrand, P., Htun, M. (1994) Determination of charged groups in mechanical pulp fibres and their influence on pulp properties. J. Wood Chem. Technol.14:83–102.10.1080/02773819408003087Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2006-07-18
Published in Print: 2006-07-01

©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Upgrading of paper-grade pulps to dissolving pulps by nitren extraction: Optimisation of extraction parameters and application to different pulps
  2. De-esterification and sulfonation in spruce CTMP: Effects on pulp and paper properties
  3. The nature of chromophores in high-extractives mechanical pulps: Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP)
  4. On the relationship between fibre length, cellulose chain length and pulp viscosity of a softwood sulfite pulp
  5. The formation of aromatic end group structures in O-alkyl substituted celluloses under alkaline pulping conditions
  6. Kraft pulp from budworm-infested Jack pine
  7. Elucidation of the structure of cellulolytic enzyme lignin
  8. Effect of acetyl groups on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic substrates
  9. NIR PLSR results obtained by calibration with noisy, low-precision reference values: Are the results acceptable?
  10. The hydration of paper studied with solid-state magnetisation-exchange 1H NMR spectroscopy
  11. Impact of drying temperature and pressing time factor on VOC emissions from OSB made of Scots pine
  12. Factors influencing timber gluability with one-part polyurethanes – studied with nine Australian timber species
  13. Mechanical characterisation of wood-adhesive interphase cell walls by nanoindentation
  14. Parameters of wood welding: A study with infrared thermography
  15. Polycarboxylic acids as non-formaldehyde anti-swelling agents for wood
  16. Influence of variation in modulus of elasticity on creep of wood during changing process of moisture
  17. Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus
  18. Combined effect of boron compounds and heat treatments on wood properties: Boron release and decay and termite resistance
  19. Antioxidant activity of extracts from the bark of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murray) Parl.
  20. Obituary Carlton W. Dence (1926–2006)
  21. Characteristics of NAEM salt-catalyzed alcohol organosolv pulping as a biorefinery
Downloaded on 27.10.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/HF.2006.056/html?srsltid=AfmBOoosNFaaJvm47gWusAM1xO1fm9DlwWsZBZjGgBtl6cgwjYdmPhUc
Scroll to top button