Artificial Neural Networks in Laboratory Medicine and Medical Outcome Prediction
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Erwin Tafeit
Abstract
Since the early nineties the number of scientific papers reporting on artificial neural network (ANN) applications in medicine has been quickly increasing. In the present paper, we describe in some detail the architecture of network types used most frequently in ANN applications in the broad field of laboratory medicine and clinical chemistry, present a technique-structured review about the recent ANN applications in the field, and give information about the improvements of available ANN software packages.
ANN applications are divided into two main classes: supervised and unsupervised methods. Most of the described supervised applications belong to the fields of medical diagnosis (n=7) and outcome prediction (n=9). Laboratory and clinical data are presented to multilayer feed-forward ANNs which are trained by the back propagation algorithm. Results are often better than those of traditional techniques such as linear discriminant analysis, classification and regression trees (CART), Cox regression analysis, logistic regression, clinical judgement or expert systems. Unsupervised ANN applications provide the ability of reducing the dimensionality of a dataset. Low-dimensional plots can be generated and visually understood and compared. Results are very similar to that of cluster analysis and factor analysis. The ability of Kohonen's self-organizing maps to generate 2D maps of molecule surface properties was successfully applied in drug design.
Copyright © 1999 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Artificial Neural Networks in Laboratory Medicine and Medical Outcome Prediction
- Mitochondrial Disorders. A Diagnostic Challenge in Clinical Chemistry
- Enrichment of Mutant Alleles by Chromatographic Removal of Wild Type Alleles: a New Principle for the Detection of Alleles with Unknown Point Mutations at Excess of Wild Type Alleles
- Quantitative Differences between Aberrant Transcripts Which Occur as Common Isoforms and due to Mutation-based Exon Skipping of the Mismatch Repair Gene hMLH1
- Analytical and Clinical Performance of Two Cardiac Troponin I Immunoassays
- Development of an Automated Immunoturbidimetric Ferritin Assay
- Does the Uncertainty of Commonly Performed Glucose Measurements Allow Identification of Individuals at High Risk for Diabetes?
- Autoantibodies against Oxidized LDL in the First Phase of Life
- Recommendations of the German Working Group on Medical Laboratory Testing (AML) on the Introduction and Quality Assurance of Procedures for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) in Hospitals
- Assays for Serum Amyloid A (SAA)
- Practical Introduction to GC/MS Analysis with Quadrupoles, by Michael Oehme
- The Hitchhikers Guide to Effective Time Management, by Christopher S. Frings
