Cleavage Site Specificity of Cathepsin K toward Cartilage Proteoglycans and Protease Complex Formation
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W.-S. Hou
Abstract
Cathepsin K is a potent extracellular matrix-degrading protease that requires interactions with soluble glycosaminolycans for its collagenolytic activity in bone and cartilage. The major sources of glycosaminoglycans in cartilage are aggrecan aggregates. Therefore, we investigated whether cathepsin K activity is capable to hydrolyze aggrecan into fragments allowing the formation of glycosaminoglycan-cathepsin K complexes and determined the cleavage site specificity of cathepsin K toward the cartilageresident link protein and aggrecan. The cleavage site specificity was compared with those of cathepsins S and L. All three cathepsins released glycosaminoglycans from native bovine cartilage at lysosomal pH and to a lesser degree at neutral extracellular pH. Cathepsin predigested aggrecan complexes and cartilage provided suitable glycosaminoglycan fragments that allowed the formation of collagenolytically active cathepsin K complexes. A detailed analysis of the degradation of aggrecan aggregates revealed two cathepsin K cleavage sites in the link protein and several sites in aggrecan, including one site within the interglobular domain E1. In summary, these results demonstrate that cathepsin K is capable to degrade aggrecan complexes at specific cleavage sites and that cathepsin K activity alone is sufficient to selfprovide the glycosaminoglycan fragments required for the formation of its collagenolytically active complex.
Copyright © 2003 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Vito Turk – 30 Years of Research on Cysteine Proteases and Their Inhibitors
- Family C1 Cysteine Proteases: Biological Diversity or Redundancy?
- Molecular Regulation of Human Cathepsin B: Implication in Pathologies
- Caspases and Neuronal Development
- Structural Basis of the Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Physiological Inhibitors, the Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases
- Managing Peptidases in the Genomic Era
- Insights into the Roles of Cathepsins in Antigen Processing and Presentation Revealed by Specific Inhibitors
- Cleavage Site Specificity of Cathepsin K toward Cartilage Proteoglycans and Protease Complex Formation
- Toward Computer-Based Cleavage Site Prediction of Cysteine Endopeptidases
- Isolation and Characterization of a Novel and Potent Inhibitor of Arg-Gingipain from Streptomyces sp. Strain FA-70
- Procongopain from Trypanosoma congolense Is Processed at Basic pH: An Unusual Feature among Cathepsin L-Like Cysteine Proteases
- Attenuated Kinin Release from Human Neutrophil Elastase-Pretreated Kininogens by Tissue and Plasma Kallikreins
- Effect of Plant Kunitz Inhibitors from Bauhinia bauhinioides and Bauhinia rufa on Pulmonary Edema Caused by Activated Neutrophils
- Revisiting Ubiquity and Tissue Specificity of Human Calpains
- The Calpastatin-Derived Calpain Inhibitor CP1B Reduces mRNA Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and Invasion by Leukemic THP-1 Cells
- Heat Stress-Dependent DNA Binding of Arabidopsis Heat Shock Transcription Factor HSF1 to Heat Shock Gene Promoters in Arabidopsis Suspension Culture Cells in vivo
- T47-D Cells and Type V Collagen: A Model for the Study of Apoptotic Gene Expression by Breast Cancer Cells
