Environmental Toxicology

The book about Non-bacterial toxins will cover those toxins that affect food safety and are produced by fungi (mycotoxins), cyanobacteria (cyanotoxins) and marine microalgae (phycotoxins). These three group of toxins affect food safety and drinking water quality at a global scale, and they pose three main challenges for scientists: 1) Climate change is causing a slow but steady change on the chemical profile of each of these groups, causing intoxications in areas that are geographically new to the intoxications map. For this reason, emerging toxins are a new topic that requires an important reallocation of resources to understand the new toxins trends, their toxicology, their analytical control and how to deal with them from a regulatory standpoint. 2) Toxicological science needs to be updated to determine the impact of the toxins in all kind of vectors (more and more are being discovered) and how they disseminate on the food chain. Also, the mode of action of many of this toxins is not understood or even known, and this affects also to the impact of the coexistence of several toxins in the same matrix. 3) Detection and regulation, as this requires the use of advance technology (mass spectrometry, biosensors, multitask screening etc) that is in many cases underdevelopped or not available, especially for many of the new toxins.
Climate change, toxicology and detection affect so many areas of science that this book will try to keep the readers updated about the current state of the art.

• Covers analysis, toxicology, ecology and methodology to study all aspects of natural toxins.
• Gives an interdisciplinary perspective on the topic.
• The 2nd Ed has updated material throughout.

Prof. Botana is a full Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Santiago and director of the Department of Pharmacology. He is a former Fogarty Fellow at the School of Medicine of the Johns Hopkins University. He has been director of the European Reference Laboratory for Marine Toxins from 2004 to 2009. He is author of 25 international patents, over 400 peer reviewed scientific papers and editor of 12 international books. His group is a word reference for marine toxins toxicology, pharmacology and therapeutics, and development of detection methods.