Tractates Ma'aser Seni, Hallah, 'Orlah, and Bikkurim

This volume concludes the edition, translation, and commentary of the first order of the "Jerusalem Talmud". It contains four small but important tractates.

The first, Ma‘aser Šeni, deals with Second Tithe (Deut. 14:22-27) and the fourth-year fruit of a newly planted tree (Lev. 19:24). This is sanctified food, to be consumed by the laity at the holy precinct, for which redemption is expressly authorized. The tractate deals in large part with the problems of redemption of dedicated food. In addition, there is a long section on the interpretation of dreams, and a detailed description of the ceremony of presentation of the tithe in the Temple.

The second tractate, Hallah, details the application of the general rules of heave to the Cohen’s part of any bread dough.

The third tractate, ‘Orlah, the fruit of a newly planted tree during the first three years (Lev. 19:23), treats this as paradigm for all food whose usufruct is forbidden, and most of the tractate discusses the problems that may arise if any such food is not immediately disposed of.

The last tractate, Bikkurim, describes the rules for selection and presentation of First Fruits in the Temple on or after Pentecost. The rite is given in detail, with an excursus on the honor due elders.

A first appendix shows the position of the Tosephta as intermediary between Yerushalmi and Babli tradition, with a distinct slant towards Babylonian positions. A second appendix tries to identify the main authors of the tractates of this first order.

Heinrich W. Guggenheimer is Professor Emeritus of Polytechnic University of Brooklyn where he taught Mathematics and also Jewish Studies in the Department of Humanities. He also taught at Hebrew University, Bar Ilan University, Washington State University, and the University of Minnesota. He has published over 150 research papers in Mathematics and Talmud, and is the author of numerous books. He currently teaches a daily class in Talmud and a weekly class in Kabbalah at Congregation Anshei Shalom, West Hempstead, New York.