2.20. Proto-Nostratic

Chapters in this book

1. I-XII I
2. 1. INTRODUCTION
3. 1.1. Preliminary Remarks 1
4. 1.2. Methodology 7
5. 1.3. Critique of Moscovite Views on Nostratic 12
6. 1.4. A Survey of the Nostratic Languages 19
7. 1.5. Problems of Subgrouping 34
8. 2. COMPARATIVE PHONOLOGY OF THE NOSTRATIC LANGUAGES (WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON INDO-EUROPEAN)
9. 2.1. Changing Views on Proto-Indo-European Phonology 37
10. 2.2. The Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals 47
11. 2.3. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Indo-European 56
12. 2.4. Remarks on the Proto-Indo-European Consonant System 60
13. 2.5. The Proto-Indo-European Vowel System 73
14. 2.6. Accentuation and Ablaut in Proto-Indo-European 83
15. 2.7. Proto-Kartvelian (South Caucasian) 85
16. 2.8. The Proto-Kartvelian Vowel System 87
17. 2.9. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Kartvelian 88
18. 2.10. The Proto-Afroasiatic Consonant System 91
19. 2.11. The Proto-Afroasiatic Vowel System 105
20. 2.12. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Afroasiatic 109
21. 2.13. Uralic-Yukaghir 111
22. 2.14. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Uralic 114
23. 2.15. Elamo-Dravidian 114
24. 2.16. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Dravidian 117
25. 2.17. Altaic 118
26. 2.18. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Altaic 120
27. 2.19. Sumerian 120
28. 2.20. Proto-Nostratic 121
29. 2.21. Root Structure Patterning in Proto-Nostratic 123
30. 2.22. Correspondences 124
31. 2.23. From Proto-Nostratic to Proto-Indo-European 132
32. 3. NOSTRATIC MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX (John C. Kerns)
33. 3.1. Introduction 141
34. 3.2. Scope of Discussion 143
35. 3.3. The Pre-Neolithic Background 144
36. 3.4. Morphology and Syntax 156
37. 3.5. Nostratic Grammar 165
38. 3.6. Conclusions 188
39. 4. COMPARATIVE VOCABULARY OF THE NOSTRATIC LANGUAGES
40. 4.1. Introductory Remarks 191
41. 4.2. Proto-Nostratic *b 195
42. 4.3. Proto-Nostratic *p[h] 229
43. 4.4. Proto-Nostratic *d 261
44. 4.5. Proto-Nostratic *t[h] 277
45. 4.6. Proto-Nostratic *tl 301
46. 4.7. Proto-Nostratic *dy 321
47. 4.8. Proto-Nostratic *ty[h] 326
48. 4.9. Proto-Nostratic *t'y 330
49. 4.10. Proto-Nostratic *sy 338
50. 4.11. Proto-Nostratic *dz 346
51. 4.12. Proto-Nostratic *ts[h] 351
52. 4.13. Proto-Nostratic *ts' 353
53. 4.14. Proto-Nostratic *s 358
54. 4.15. Proto-Nostratic *tl[h] 369
55. 4.16. Proto-Nostratic *tl' 380
56. 4.17. Proto-Nostratic *g 383
57. 4.18. Proto-Nostratic *k[h] 403
58. 4.19. Proto-Nostratic *k' 431
59. 4.20. Proto-Nostratic *gy 455
60. 4.21. Proto-Nostratic *ky[h] 460
61. 4.22. Proto-Nostratic *k'y 463
62. 4.23. Proto-Nostratic *gw 467
63. 4.24. Proto-Nostratic *kw[h] 470
64. 4.25. Proto-Nostratic *k'w 487
65. 4.26. Proto-Nostratic *G 501
66. 4.27. Proto-Nostratic *q[h] 505
67. 4.28. Proto-Nostratic *q' 508
68. 4.29. Proto-Nostratic *q'w 510
69. 4.30. Proto-Nostratic *ʕ 518
70. 4.31. Proto-Nostratic *ħ 528
71. 4.32. Proto-Nostratic *ʔ 557
72. 4.33. Proto-Nostratic *h 585
73. 4.34. Proto-Nostratic *y 593
74. 4.35. Proto-Nostratic *w 601
75. 4.36. Proto-Nostratic *m 634
76. 4.37. Proto-Nostratic *n 677
77. 4.38. Proto-Nostratic *ny 691
78. 4.39. Proto-Nostratic *l 697
79. 4.40. Proto-Nostratic *r 706
80. References
81. A 715
82. B 722
83. C 738
84. D 747
85. E 753
86. F 756
87. G 760
88. H 769
89. I 779
90. J 781
91. K 786
92. L 795
93. M 804
94. N 815
95. O 817
96. P 818
97. Q 828
98. R 829
99. S 833
100. T 848
101. U 851
102. V 852
103. W 857
104. Y 863
105. Z 864
106. Index Verborum 865
107. Subject Index 927