THE ROLE OF OH RADICALS AND OF ABSORBED ENERGY IN THE MECHANISM OF THE RADIOSENSITIZING ACTION OF IODINE CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. PREFACE V
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VI
4. ICOR III. SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE VII
5. CONTENTS IX
6. SPECTRAL AND KINETIC PROPERTIES OF TΗΕ PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM REACTIONS OF HO2/O2¯ WITH MANGANESE(II) COMPLEXES 1
7. NEW MECHANISM OF THE REACTION OF O2¯ WITH H2O2: SIGNIFICANCE FOR BIOLOGY 17
8. GENERATION OF ACTIVATED OXYGEN SPECIES BY ELECTRON-TRANSFER REDUCTION OF DIOXYGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF PROTONS, CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, METHYL VIOLOGEN, AND TRANSITION METAL IONS. 25
9. ON REACTION OF KO2, WITH STEROL HYDROPEROXIDES 35
10. THE Ο3¯, RADICAL REACTIONS IN NEUTRAL AND ALKALINE SOLUTIONS 43
11. REACTIVITIES OF tert-BUTOXY RADICALS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS 49
12. FORMATION AND REACTIONS OF HALOTHANE PEROXY FREE RADICALS, CF3CHClO2· 57
13. ELECTRONIC AND GEOMETRICAL STRUCTURES OF ETHYLENE PEROXY CATION AND ANION RADICALS: MECHANISMS OF OXYGENATION REACTIONS VIA ELECTRON TRANSFERS 65
14. ESR AND ENDOR STUDIES OF FREE RADICALS HAVING UNPAIRED SPIN DENSITY LOCALIZED PRIMARILY ON OXYGEN 77
15. CORONA DISCHARGE AS A SOURCE OF SUPEROXIDE 87
16. SIMULTANEOUS MULTI-WAVELENGTH KINETIC SPECTROSCOPY: A NEW SET-UP FOR PULSE RADIOLYSIS STUDIES OF OXYGEN RADICALS 91
17. RATE CONSTANTS OF SPARINGLY WATER-SOLUBLE PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS WITH HYDROXYL RADICALS. 95
18. A PULSE RADIOLYSIS STUDY OF THE ADDITION OF HYDROXYL FREE RADICALS TO NITRONE SPIN TRAPS 101
19. GENERAL DISCUSSION 105
20. THE REACTIVITIES OF ORGANIC OXYGEN (OXY) RADICALS 109
21. AUTOXIDATIVE CYTOTOXICITY: IS THERE METAL-INDEPENDENT FORMATION OF HYDROXYL RADICALS? ARE THERE "CRYPTO-HYDROXYL" RADICALS? 123
22. ROLE OF OXYGEN ACTIVATION IN ADRIAMYCIN-MEDIATED DNA STRAND SCISSION AND THE EFFECT OF BINDING ON THE REDOX PROPERTIES OF THE DRUG 131
23. A COMPARATIVE KINETIC STUDY OF THE INITIATION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION WITH OH RADICALS AND FERROUS IRON 137
24. EVIDENCE FOR THE INITIATION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION BY A FERROUSDIOXYGEN- FERRIC CHELATE COMPLEX 147
25. THE BIOCHEMICAL ROLE OF UBIQUINONE AND UBIQUINONE-DERIVATIVES IN THE GENERATION OF HYDROXYL-RADICALS FROM HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE 155
26. OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF PHENOLS: CONVERSION OF BROMOCHATECHOL TO PROTEIN BINDING SPECIES BY O2¯ 165
27. GENERATION OF SUPEROXIDE IN THE AUTOXIDATION OF ASCORBATE AND GLUTATHIONE 171
28. ROLE OF METAL CHELATING AGENTS AS CATALYSTS IN AN ·OH FORMING PROCESS - A COMPARISON WITH THE HABER-WEISS REACTION 177
29. REACTION OF PARAQUAT RADICALS WITH H2O2 : EFFECT OF O2 AND COMPARISON OF RADICALS GENERATED ENZYMATICALLY AND BY IRRADIATION 185
30. THE CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE RADICALS IN CIGARETTE SMOKE: ESR EVIDENCE FOR THE BINDING OF THE TAR RADICAL TO DNA AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES 193
31. OXYGEN AS AN INHIBITOR IN THE RADICAL-INDUCED CHAIN ISOMERISATION OF THE (5-NITROFURYL) ACRYLAMIDE, AF-2. 203
32. GENERATION OF THE SUPEROXIDE RADICAL IN THE RED BLOOD CELL 207
33. SUPEROXIDE DEGRADING ACTIVITY OF DΕSFERRIOXAMIΝΕ 211
34. FREE RADICAL PRODUCTION FROM THE REACTION OF t-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE WITH IRON COMPLEXES 215
35. THE EFFECT OF CELL-BOUND COPPER ON THE TOXICITY OF SUPEROXIDE AND VITAMIN C 219
36. ON THE MECHANISMS OF CYTOTOXICITY INDUCED BY SUPEROXIDE 225
37. MICROSOMAL DENITROSATION OF N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE 231
38. OXIDATION MECHANISMS OF POLY-UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS 235
39. PREPARATION, ISOMERISATION AND BREAKDOWN OF HYDROPEROXIDES FROM METHYL OLEATE 249
40. PHOTOLYSIS OF UNSATURATED FATTY ACID HYDROPEROXIDES 257
41. ISOMERS OF LINOLEIC ACID HYDROPEROXIDES FROM PEROXIDATION OF MICROSOMAL LIPIDS 267
42. OXIDATION OF PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE AND ITS INHIBITION BY VITAMIN Ε AND VITAMIN C 273
43. PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION OF UNSATURATED PHOSPHOLIPID OXIDATION IN ORGANIC SOLVENT AND AQUEOUS EMULSION 281
44. INVOLVEMENT OF ACTIVATED OXYGEN SPECIES IN MEMBRANE PEROXIDATION: POSSIBLE MECHANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES 285
45. HYDROPEROXIDES, FREE RADICALS AND PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS 299
46. SPIN TRAPPING AGENTS PROTECT AGAINST MICROSOMAL LIPID PEROXIDATION 309
47. LOW-LEVEL CHEMILUMINESCENCE, ALKANE PRODUCTION AND GLUTATHIONE DEPLETION IN ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES CAUSED BY A DIFFUSIBLE PRODUCT OF LIPID PEROXIDATION, 4-HYDROXYNONENAL 317
48. ALKANE EVOLUTION AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE INDUCED BY ALDEHYDIC PRODUCTS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION 325
49. ROLE OF GLUTATHIONE AND NAD(P)H:QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE (DT-DIAPHORASE) IN DETERMINING LOW-LEVEL CHEMILUMINESCENCE DURING REDOX CYCLING OF MENADIONE 331
50. THE EXHALED ALKANES INDICATIVE FOR LIPID PEROXIDATION IN VIVO QUANTITATIVELY MEASURED AFTER CCl4 AND ETHANOL ADMINISTRATION 335
51. LIPID PEROXIDATION OF RED BLOOD CELLS MONITORED BY THE FORMATION OF VOLATILE HYDROCARBONS 341
52. IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF HEPATIC LIPID PEROXIDATION BY MALONDIALDEHYDE OR ETHANE DETERMINATION 345
53. DETECTION OF MALONDIALDEHYDE BY HPLC 351
54. THE NATURE OF DIENE CONJUGATION IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS 355
55. THE ROLE OF IRON IN LIPID PEROXIDATION INDUCED BY ADRIAMYCIN DURING REDOX CYCLING IN LIVER MICROSOMES 359
56. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SUBSTRATE EFFECT ON CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE-DEPENDENT LIPID PEROXIDATION IN MITOCHONDRIA AND MICROSOMES 363
57. STUDIES ON THE COMPARTMENTAL RELEASE OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS IN THE PERFUSED RAT HEART 367
58. ASCORBIC ACID, LIPID PEROXIDATION AND THE INTERACTIONS OF DRUGS WITH THEIR RECEPTORS IN RAT BRAIN TISSUE PREPARATIONS 371
59. ELLIPTICINES AND CARBAZOLES AS ANTIOXIDANTS 377
60. HERBICIDE-INDUCED LIPID PEROXIDATION IN HIGHER PLANTS: THE ROLE OF VITAMIN C 383
61. SUPPRESION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION BY QUERCETIN AND ITS GLYCOSIDES IN ILLUMINATED SPINACH CHLOROPLASTS 387
62. THE ROLE OF METAL IONS IN THE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF OXYGEN 391
63. ACTIVATION OF DIOXYGEN SPECIES WITH TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES 405
64. O2¯ DISMUTATION CATALYSED BY WATER SOLUBLE PORPHYRINS. A PULSE RADIOLYSIS STUDY. 419
65. THE ACTIVATION OF OXYGEN BY BLEOMYCIN IS CATALYZED BY NADPH-CYTOCHROHE P-450 REDUCTASE IN THE PRESENCE OF IRON IONS AND NADPH 425
66. MECHANISM OF CO-OXIDATION REACTIONS DURING PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS 435
67. MECHANISM OF ARACHIDONIC ACID-STIMULATED SINGLET OXYGEN FORMATION BY PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASE 441
68. THE INTERACTION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE WITH OXYMYOGLOBIN 447
69. BIOLOGY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY OF SINGLET OXYGEN 453
70. SINGLET OXYGEN PRODUCTION FROM PHOTODYNAMIC SENSITIZERS 465
71. GENERATION OF SINGLET OXYGEN FROM EXCITED SINGLET STATES 473
72. LASER FLASH AND STEADY-STATE PHOTOLYSIS OF BENOXAPROFEN IN SOLUTION: RELEVANCE TO SINGLET OXYGEN PRODUCTION 479
73. SENSITIZED PHOTOREACTIONS OF PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE 2'-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES BY 8-METHOXYPSORALEN AND 3-CARBETHOXYPSORALEN 485
74. RADIOLYSIS AND PHOTOLYSIS OF AQUEOUS AERATED TRYPTOPHAN SOLUTIONS 491
75. PHOTODYNAMIC AND REDUCTIVE MECHANISMS OF OXYGEN ACTIVATION BY THE FUNGAL PHYTOTOXINS, CERCOSPORIN AND DOTHISTROMIΝ 501
76. DISSIPATION OF EXCESS LIGHT ENERGY THROUGH H2 02 FORMATION IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC SYSTEMS 509
77. EFFICIENCY OF SINGLET OXYGEN PRODUCTION FROM THE 02 QUENCHING OF THE EXCITED SINGLET AND TRIPLET STATES OF RUBRENE 517
78. SINGLET OXYGEN REACTIVITY IN MICROHETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS 521
79. SENSITIZED PHOTOOXYGENATION OF CIS 9-TRICOSENE (HOUSEFLY SEX ATTRACTANT) 527
80. ON THE REACTIVITY OF SINGLET OXYGEN WITH HEMOGLOBIN 531
81. FORMATION OF SUPEROXIDE ION VIA ONE-ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM ORGANIC ELECTRON DONORS TO SINGLET OXYGEN 535
82. CH EMILIM NESCENCE OF SCHIFF BASES CATALYZED BY HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE 539
83. THE MECHANISM OF THE DIRECT PHOTO-OXIDATIVE DECARBOXYLATION OF α-OXO-CARBOXYLIC ESTERS 543
84. MENADIONE MEDIATED PHOTOOXIDATION OF PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE 2'-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDES 547
85. DYE-SENSITIZED PHOTOOXIDATION OF TRYPTOPHAN 551
86. PHOTODYNAMIC INDUCTION OF SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS IN ØXRFI DNA BY PROMAZINES 555
87. PHOTOSENSITIZED CROSS-LINKING IN BOVINE LENS PROTEINS BY PROMAZINES 559
88. MEMBRANE ASPECTS OF RADIATION BIOLOGY 563
89. RADIATION PEROXIDATION IN MICELLAR FATTY ACIDS 581
90. THE INVOLVEMENT OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACYL CHAINS OF MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN RADIATION INDUCED CELL DEATH OF MAMMALIAN CELLS 593
91. RADIOMIMETIC EFFECTS OF PEROXIDIZING LIPIDS ON NUCLEIC ACIDS AND THEIR BASES 603
92. INFLUENCE OF ARACHIDONIC ACID ON IRRADIATION EFFECTS IN Α DNA MODEL SUBSTANCE 607
93. THE OXYGEN EFFECT AS A PROBE FOR CLASSES OF IONIZING RADIATION DAMAGE RESULTING IN MUTATION, GENE CONVERSION OR CELL DEATH 611
94. BASE DAMAGE IN IRRADIATED DNA AND THE EFFECT OF OXYGEN 619
95. REACTIONS OF PEROXYL RADICALS DERIVED FROM ALKYL PHOSPHATES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS - MODEL SYSTEM FOR DNA STRAND BREAKAGE 629
96. THE ROLE OF OH RADICALS AND OF ABSORBED ENERGY IN THE MECHANISM OF THE RADIOSENSITIZING ACTION OF IODINE CONTAINING COMPOUNDS 637
97. RADIATION SENSITIZATION OF BACTERIAL SPORES BY CO2 645
98. DETERMINATION OF 18Ο TRAPPING IN X-IRRADIATED AMINO ACIDS BY MEANS OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS 649
99. DETOXICATION OF OXYGEN FREE RADICALS 653
100. ROLE OF ACTIVATED OXYGEN SPECIES IN THE MECHANISM OF CYTOTOXICITY OF CYSTEAMINE 665
101. FORMATION OF SUPEROXIDE AND CELL DAMAGE DURING UV-VISIBLE IRRADIATION OF MELANIN 673
102. EFFECTS OF COPPER-DEFINCIENCY ON LIPID PEROXIDATION OF RAT MICROSOMAL MEMBRANES 681
103. SOME PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN-RESISTANT HeLa CELLS 689
104. ULTRASTRUCTURE AND ANT I OXYGEN IC ENZYME LEVELS OF OXYGEN-RESISTANT CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELLS 695
105. ROLE OF GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE IN TOLERANCE AND ADAPTATION OF RATS TO HYPEROXIA 699
106. GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE SYSTEM IN THE LUNGS OF OZONE-TOLERANT AND NONTOLERANT RATS 707
107. THE GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE ACTIVE ON PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROPEROXIDES: STUDIES ON THE ENZYME FROM PIG BRAIN 713
108. PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROPEROXIDES ARE NOT SUBSTRATES FOR SELENIUMDEPENDENT GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE 719
109. ENHANCEMENT OF NADPH-DEPENDENT LIPID PEROXIDATION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO FOLLOWING GLUTATHIONE DEPLETION IN RATS 723
110. COPPER-CONTAINING OXIDASES AS ANTIOXIDANTS 731
111. MEASUREMENT OF LIPID HYDROPEROXIDES AND COLLAGEN ELASTICITY DIRECTLY IN VIVO IN MICE AND MAN 735
112. GLUTATHIONE MIXED DISULFIDE FORMATION IN LIVERS FROM FED AND FASTED RATS AND THE EFFECT ON GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY. 741
113. BILIARY TAUROCHOLATE RELEASE DURING REDOX CYCLING IN PERFUSED RAT LIVER 745
114. FREE RADICAL INTERMEDIATES IN THE TRYPANOCIDAL ACTION OF DRUGS AND PHAGOCYTIC CELLS 749
115. EFFECT OF FREE RADICAL ACTIVITY ON TRYPTOPHAN AND HUMAN GAMMA GLOBULIN 753
116. INVOLVEMENT OF OXYGEN RADICALS IN ETHANOL OXIDATION AND IN THE ETHANOLINDUCED DECREASF TN LIVER GLUTATHIONE 757
117. INCREASED LIVER MITOCHONDRIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LIΡID PEROXIDATION DURING ETHANOL INHALATION AND WITHDRAWAL 761
118. MAMMALIAN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE5 765
119. THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF IRON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE: KINETIC AND STRUCTURAL COMPARISONS WITH CU/ZN AND MN DISMUTASES. 779
120. THE PHYLOGENETIC POSITION OF THE CU-ZN-SOD OF P. LEIOGNATHI 793
121. ERYTHROCUPREIN (Cu2Zn2SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE) CARRIES 90% OF THE ERYTHROCYTE COPPER 803
122. SUPEROXIDE-DEPENDENT PATHOLOGY AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE TREATMENT 809
123. SOD TREATMENT IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINT 813
124. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SOD-LIKE COPPER COMPLEXES 821
125. OXYGEN RADICALS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL ASPECTS, WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO HIGH ENERGY IRRADIATION 831
126. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE O2¯/H2O2-GENERATING SYSTEM IN HUMAN NEUTROPHILS 843
127. The participation of the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system in the generation of free radicals after intestinal ischemia 851
128. MODULATION OF MACROPHAGE CHEMILUMINESCENCE BY ARACHIDONIC ACID PRODUCTS 859
129. CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF GRANULOCYTES TO DETECT THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION. 867
130. QUANTIFICATION OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE OXYGENATION ACTIVITY BY CHEMILUMINIGENIC PROBING 875
131. COMPARISON OF LUMINOL- AND LUCIGENIN-AMPLIFIED CHEMILUMINESCENCE (CL) OF PHAGOCYTES 881
132. CORRELATION BETWEEN OXIDATIVE STRESS OF THE HEART, EVALUATED BY CHEMILUMINESCENCE EMISSION AND CONTRACTILE FUNCTION 883
133. AGE-DEPENDENT MODULATION OF SUPEROXIDE AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SECRETION AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE BY IN VITRO CULTIVATED MACROPHAGES 887
134. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OPSONINS ON THE PRODUCTION OF OXYGEN RADICALS AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF MACROPHAGES 893
135. ADRIAMYCIN-INDUCED CATARACT: INVOLVEMENT OF A FREE RADICAL MECHANISM 897
136. Evidence of Lipid Peroxidation in Hereditary Cataract of Mouse 907
137. LIPID PEROXIDATION EFFECTS ON ISOLATED RAT RETINA 913
138. CELL-SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS OF HUMAN GRANULOCYTES. I. Effect of Trypsin or Neuraminidase Treatment on NADPH Oxidase Activity 919
139. CELL-SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS OF HUMAN GRANULOCYTES. II. Reverse Action of Borohydride on the Periodate-Induced Suppression of NADPH Oxidase Activity. 923
140. CHANGES IN ASCORBATE LEVELS CN ACTIVATION OF HUMAN NEUTROPHILS 927
141. ROLE OF OXYGEN RADICALS IN PULMONARY VASCULAR INJURY 931
142. SOME IMMUNOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FREE RADICAL-PRODUCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 939
143. SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (R.A.) AND ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (A.S.) 947
144. EFFECTS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATODES 951
145. INVESTIGATION OF PHAGOCYTE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM IN MICROAMOUNTS OF WHOLE BLOOD FROM PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 959
146. INVESTIGATION OF PHAGOCYTE OXIDATIVE METABOLISM IN MICROAMOUNTS OF WHOLE BLOOD FROM PATIENTS WITH INSULINO-DEPENDENT DIABETES 965
147. COMPARISON OF "INFLAMMATION" IN PINE NEEDLES AND HUMANS 969
148. PANEL DISCUSSION 983
149. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 995
150. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 1009
151. Subject Index 1013
152. Backmatter 1031