From Culturalist Nationalism to Conservatism
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Aymeric Xu
About this book
What does it mean to be a conservative in Republican China? Challenging the widely held view that Chinese conservatism set out to preserve traditional culture and was mainly a cultural movement, this book proposes a new framework with which to analyze modern Chinese conservatism. It identifies late Qing culturalist nationalism, which incorporates traditional culture into concrete political reforms inspired by modern Western politics, as the origin of conservatism in the Republican era. During the May Fourth period, New Culture activists belittled any attempts to reintegrate traditional culture with modern politics as conservative. What conservatives in Republican China stood for was essentially this late Qing culturalist nationalism that rejected squarely the museumification of traditional culture. Adopting a typological approach in order to distinguish different types of conservatism by differentiating various political implications of traditional culture, this book divides the Chinese conservatism of the Republican era into four typologies: liberal conservatism, antimodern conservatism, philosophical conservatism, and authoritarian conservatism. As such, this book captures – for the first time – how Chinese conservatism was in constant evolution, while also showing how its emblematic figures reacted differently to historical circumstances.
Author / Editor information
Aymeric Xu, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Paris.
Topics
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Frontmatter
i -
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Acknowledgements
v -
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Note on Romanization
vi -
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Contents
vii -
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List of Illustrations
ix -
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Introduction
1 -
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1 Conservatism: An Idea Rooted in the Present
34 -
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2 Culturalist Nationalism from the 1890s to the 1900s
74 -
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3 From Culturalist Nationalism to Nationalist Conservatism
119 -
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4 Liberal Conservatism and Anti-modern Conservatism (mid-1910s‒1930s)
143 -
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5 Philosophical and Authoritarian Conservatism (1920s‒1940s)
180 -
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Conclusion
213 -
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Annex
228 -
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Bibliography
230 -
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Glossary
250 -
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Index of Persons
257 -
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Index of Subjects
260
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