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Herrschaft und Bekenntnis

  • Wolfram Kinzig

Abstract

Beginning with Constantine the Great, Roman emperors increasingly addressed questions of the Christian faith in their legislation and later enacted laws themselves in the form of creeds. Three phases can be observed in the relationship between emperors and the development of creeds: (1) Up to Theodosius, the emperors largely refrained from discussing the credal content and tried to achieve ecclesiastical pacification based on existing synodal formulas. (2) From 380 onwards, the faith was more closely described and prescribed in the legal texts, albeit in a still relatively unspecific form. (3) The Henotikon (482) is the first law that took the form of a personal confession of the emperor, who then competed with the synods in their mutual attempts to define credal formulae This development reaches its climax in the numerous confessions of Justinian and continues until the Ekthesis of Heraclius (638). The article describes this process and discusses the details of the relevant laws and their significance for the imperial self-understanding in questions of church politics.

Abstract

Beginning with Constantine the Great, Roman emperors increasingly addressed questions of the Christian faith in their legislation and later enacted laws themselves in the form of creeds. Three phases can be observed in the relationship between emperors and the development of creeds: (1) Up to Theodosius, the emperors largely refrained from discussing the credal content and tried to achieve ecclesiastical pacification based on existing synodal formulas. (2) From 380 onwards, the faith was more closely described and prescribed in the legal texts, albeit in a still relatively unspecific form. (3) The Henotikon (482) is the first law that took the form of a personal confession of the emperor, who then competed with the synods in their mutual attempts to define credal formulae This development reaches its climax in the numerous confessions of Justinian and continues until the Ekthesis of Heraclius (638). The article describes this process and discusses the details of the relevant laws and their significance for the imperial self-understanding in questions of church politics.

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