46 Sahaptian
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Joana Jansen
Abstract
The Sahaptian language family includes sister languages Ichishkíin/Sahaptin and Nimipuutímt/Nez Perce. They are spoken in an area defined by Nch’iwána ‘Columbia River’ and pík’u·nen ‘Snake River’ in the southern plateau region of what is now called the Pacific Northwest of the United States, present-day Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. The two languages are similar in sound and structure, and similar cultural traditions and values are shared among the bands and tribes. Tribal nations support language vitality and use: the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, the Nez Perce Tribe, and the Yakama Nation. This chapter begins by acknowledging language authorities, elders, experts, linguists, students, and teachers who have worked to secure their languages. It includes a brief discussion of the languages, dialects, and the names used for the languages, followed by an overview of the sound system and basic sentence structure. Case marking and transitive patterns, highly intricate features of the languages, are described. The chapter then provides a list of readings and reference materials, and concludes by highlighting some of the current extensive and committed revitalization work.
Abstract
The Sahaptian language family includes sister languages Ichishkíin/Sahaptin and Nimipuutímt/Nez Perce. They are spoken in an area defined by Nch’iwána ‘Columbia River’ and pík’u·nen ‘Snake River’ in the southern plateau region of what is now called the Pacific Northwest of the United States, present-day Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. The two languages are similar in sound and structure, and similar cultural traditions and values are shared among the bands and tribes. Tribal nations support language vitality and use: the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, the Nez Perce Tribe, and the Yakama Nation. This chapter begins by acknowledging language authorities, elders, experts, linguists, students, and teachers who have worked to secure their languages. It includes a brief discussion of the languages, dialects, and the names used for the languages, followed by an overview of the sound system and basic sentence structure. Case marking and transitive patterns, highly intricate features of the languages, are described. The chapter then provides a list of readings and reference materials, and concludes by highlighting some of the current extensive and committed revitalization work.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Table of contents VII
-
VII Language revitalization
- 32 Reviving languages: Outcomes of a Mentor-Apprentice style learning study 717
- 33 Child and child-directed speech in North American languages 741
- 34 Decolonizing Indigenous language pedagogies: Additional language learning and teaching 767
- 35 Digital tools for language revitalization 789
- 36 Using archival materials for language reclamation 807
- 37 Changing notions of fieldwork 823
-
VIII Language families and isolates
- 38 Inuit-Yupik-Unangan: An overview of the language family 843
- 39 Dene – Athabaskan 875
- 40 Algonquian 931
- 41 Michif 951
- 42 Tsimshianic 985
- 43 Wakashan Languages 1013
- 44 Salish 1053
- 45 Chinookan family, with special reference to Kiksht and notes on Chinuk Wawa 1115
- 46 Sahaptian 1139
- 47 Karuk 1169
- 48 Wáˑšiw 1201
- 49 Pomoan 1223
- 50 California languages: Isolates and other languages 1247
- 51 Chumashan 1275
- 52 Yuman 1303
- 53 Uto-Aztecan 1333
- 54 Kiowa-Tanoan 1361
- 55 Caddoan 1407
- 56 Sketch of the Siouan Language Family 1447
- 57 Chitimacha 1519
- 58 Tunica 1545
- 59 Muskogean 1577
- 60 Iroquoian 1601
- 61 Unclassified languages 1627
- List of Authors 1649
- Index of languages 1673
- Index of names 1685
- Index of subjects 1695
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Table of contents VII
-
VII Language revitalization
- 32 Reviving languages: Outcomes of a Mentor-Apprentice style learning study 717
- 33 Child and child-directed speech in North American languages 741
- 34 Decolonizing Indigenous language pedagogies: Additional language learning and teaching 767
- 35 Digital tools for language revitalization 789
- 36 Using archival materials for language reclamation 807
- 37 Changing notions of fieldwork 823
-
VIII Language families and isolates
- 38 Inuit-Yupik-Unangan: An overview of the language family 843
- 39 Dene – Athabaskan 875
- 40 Algonquian 931
- 41 Michif 951
- 42 Tsimshianic 985
- 43 Wakashan Languages 1013
- 44 Salish 1053
- 45 Chinookan family, with special reference to Kiksht and notes on Chinuk Wawa 1115
- 46 Sahaptian 1139
- 47 Karuk 1169
- 48 Wáˑšiw 1201
- 49 Pomoan 1223
- 50 California languages: Isolates and other languages 1247
- 51 Chumashan 1275
- 52 Yuman 1303
- 53 Uto-Aztecan 1333
- 54 Kiowa-Tanoan 1361
- 55 Caddoan 1407
- 56 Sketch of the Siouan Language Family 1447
- 57 Chitimacha 1519
- 58 Tunica 1545
- 59 Muskogean 1577
- 60 Iroquoian 1601
- 61 Unclassified languages 1627
- List of Authors 1649
- Index of languages 1673
- Index of names 1685
- Index of subjects 1695
