Conclusion

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Contents V
3. Figures and Tables VII
4. Introduction 1
5. Part I: The Political and Legal Context
6. 1. Economic and Political Trends 13
7. 2. Alien Merchandise, Alien Merchants 31
8. 3. Legal Provisions and the Formation of Nations 44
9. 4. Consulates and Residencies 62
10. 5. The Inquisition and the State 82
11. Part II: Migration, Life, and Trade
12. 6. Diaspora, Migration, and Mobility 103
13. 7. Social Origins and Social Advancement 121
14. 8. Turnovers and Assets 135
15. 9. Grain, Sugar, Wax, and Tobacco 152
16. 10. The Cross-Border Infrastructure 168
17. Part III: Solidarity and Identity
18. 11. Trust, Reputation, and Religion 183
19. 12. Trading Networks, Family, and Nation 194
20. 13. Merchant Organizations 208
21. 14. The Portuguese Nation 222
22. 15. Netherlanders and Hamburgers 242
23. Conclusion 260
24. Appendix 267
25. Acknowledgments 277
26. Notes 279
27. References 338
28. Index 371