Rationality Reconsidered
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About this book
This volume treats the topic of rationality developing a perspective that integrates elements of philosophy of language, phenomenology, pragmatism, and philosophy of life.
The two reference authors, Wittgenstein and Ortega, are contemporaries but come from different philosophical traditions. Wittgenstein's early work was influenced by logical positivism. Later he developed an influential approach to philosophy of language. Ortega was influenced by Neo-Kantianism, perspectivism, life philosophy, and phenomenology. On this basis, he developed an independent approach that has become known as ratiovitalism.
Astonishing affinities between their respective reflections on rationality motivated the experiment of bringing the different approaches into a synergetic relation. Both investigate the structures and limits of rationality, emphasize the importance of basic beliefs, and criticize the restriction of rationality concepts to the intellectual sphere.
The contributions of the volume focus on: dynamics of belief and knowledge, implicit and explicit knowledge, the concept of “vital reason”, the role of world-pictures and forms of life, questions regarding certainty, ignorance, doubt, and madness, as well as matters of pluralism and relativism.
Author / Editor information
Astrid Wagner, TU Berlin, Germany; José María Ariso, International University of Rioja, Madrid, Spain.
Topics
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Frontmatter
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Table of Contents
v -
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List of Abbreviations
vii -
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On Constraining Rationality and Revisiting the Logic of Beliefs: An Introduction
1 - Part 1: The Problem of Rationality
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Rethinking Rationality: The Use of Signs and the Rationality of Interpretations
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Rationality, Reason, and Wisdom
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Rationality, Philosophy, and Common Sense
49 - Part 2: Rationality, Pluralism, and Relativism
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Pluralism and Soft Rationality in the Philosophy of Ortega and Wittgenstein
75 -
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Moore and the King
89 -
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Dynamics of Basic Beliefs in the Philosophical Approaches of Ortega and Wittgenstein
103 - Part 3: Belief and Knowledge
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Are There Background Beliefs?
119 -
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Belief and Perspective after Ortega and Wittgenstein
125 -
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The Life and Logic of Our Beliefs
141 -
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Knowledge and the “Favor of Nature”
171 - Part 4: Limits of Rationality
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On Refusing to Believe: Insensitivity and Self-Ignorance
187 -
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Counterwill and Logical Priority Over Ideas: Two Constituents of Our Basic Convictions
201 -
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Anatomies of Foolishness 1927–1937
215 -
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Scientific Rationality, Experience of Limit, and the Problem of Life and Death in ‘Tractatus’
237 -
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Notes on contributors
267 -
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Author Index
271 -
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Subject Index
275
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