67. Contact with non-Germanic languages II: Relations to the East

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Inhalt xi
3. I. Introduction
4. 1. The Nordic language area and the languages in the north of Europe 1
5. 2. The Nordic languages in a Germanic perspective 13
6. 3. Diachrony and synchrony in Nordic language history 25
7. 4. Previous attempts at establishing periods in Nordic language history 31
8. 5. The data basis of a Nordic language history 38
9. II. Perspectives in research history I: From the beginnings to the middle of the 20th century
10. 6. Previous attempts at writing a Nordic language history 49
11. 7. Outline of research on Nordic language history before 1800 60
12. 8. Research in Danish language history 1850–1950. An overview 68
13. 9. Research in Swedish language history 1850–1950. An overview 76
14. 10. Research in Norwegian language history 1850–1950. An overview 86
15. 11. Research in Icelandic language history 1850–1950. An overview 95
16. 12. Research in Faroese language history 1850–1950. An overview 102
17. III. Perspectives in research history II: The contribution of Nordic research to historical linguistics (until 1950)
18. 13. Nordic contributions to historical linguistics before 1800 108
19. 14. Contributions to Nordic language history by non-Nordic linguists (until ca. 1980) 116
20. 15. The contribution of the Nordic countries to historical-comparative linguistics: Rasmus Rask and his followers 124
21. 16. The contribution of Scandinavian neogrammarians 133
22. 17. The Scandinavian contribution to structuralism (until 1950) 148
23. IV. Perspectives in research history III: Theoretical and methodological perspectives in current historical linguistic description (after 1950)
24. 18. Nordic language history and structural linguistics 157
25. 19. Nordic language history and generative transformational grammar 166
26. 20. Nordic language history and language typology 172
27. 21. Nordic language history and research on word order 182
28. 22. Nordic language history and research on universals and theories of linguistic change 192
29. 23. Nordic language history and sociolinguistics 198
30. 24. Nordic language history and research on languages in contact and on multilingualism 213
31. 25. Nordic language history and research on styles and registers 221
32. 26. Nordic language history and pragmatics 229
33. 27. Nordic language history and research on types of texts 235
34. 28. Nordic language history and phraseology/idiomatics 241
35. 29. Nordic language history and historical contrastive linguistics 247
36. 30. Nordic language history: Semiotics and the theory of naturalness 253
37. 31. Nordic language history and (lexical) semantics 262
38. 32. Nordic language history and computer-aided lexical research 268
39. V. Perspectives in research history IV: The contribution of Nordic dialectology
40. 33. General history of Nordic dialectology 272
41. 34. The contribution of Nordic dialectology to language history 282
42. 35. Nordic language history and current trends in dialectology 304
43. VI. Nordic language history as a part of social and cultural history
44. 36. Nordic language history and studies in general history 313
45. 37. Nordic language history and archaeology 317
46. 38. Nordic lexical items and the history of material culture 325
47. 39. Nordic language history and cultural geography 338
48. 40. Nordic language history and legal history 344
49. 41. Nordic language history and the history of ideas I: Humanism 354
50. 42. Nordic language history and the history of ideas II: Rationalism and Enlightenment since the 18th century 363
51. 43. Nordic language history and the history of ideas III: Nationalism, identity and democratic movements in the 19th and 20th centuries 373
52. 44. Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history I: The pre-Christian period 389
53. 45. Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history II: Christianization 403
54. 46. Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history III: Luther' s Reformation 412
55. 47. Nordic language history and religion/ecclesiastical history IV: From Pietism to the present 424
56. 48. Nordic language history and natural and technical sciences 435
57. 49. Nordic language history and literary history I: Denmark 441
58. 50. Nordic language history and literary history II: Sweden 449
59. 51. Nordic language history and literary history III: Norway 458
60. 52. Nordic language history and literary history IV: Iceland 470
61. 53. Nordic language history and literary history V: Faroe Islands 482
62. 54. Nordic language history and the history of philosophy 487
63. 55. The special case of Grundtvig: Poet, philosopher, politician, educator 494
64. 56 . Nordic language history and the history of translation I: Danish 502
65. 57. Nordic language history and the history of translation II: Swedish 511
66. 58. Nordic language history and the history o f translation III: Norwegian 518
67. 59. Nordic language history and the history of translation IV: Icelandic 527
68. 60. Nordic language history and the history of translation V: Faroese 533
69. VII. Nordic as a part of Old Germanic
70. 62. Nordic, Germanic, Indo-European and the structure of the Germanic language family 544
71. 63. Nordic-Gothic linguistic relations 553
72. 64. Nordic-West Germanic relations 558
73. 65. Nordic and North Sea Germanic relations 568
74. 66. Contact with non-Germanic languages I: Relations to the West 572
75. 67. Contact with non-Germanic languages II: Relations to the East 583
76. 68. Scandinavia in the light of ancient tradition 594
77. VIII. Ancient Nordic (1^st – 7^th century)
78. 69. The Ancient Nordic period. A historical survey 605
79. 70. Delimitation of Ancient Nordic from Common Germanic and Old Nordic 615
80. 71. A survey of ancient Nordic sources 619
81. 72. The Ancient Nordic period: An archaeological survey 626
82. 73. Runes : Origin, development of the futhark, functions, applications, and methodological considerations 634
83. 74. The Ancient-Nordic linguistic system from a typological point of view: Phonology, graphemics , morphology, syntax and word order 649
84. 75. The development of Proto-Nordic lexicon 657
85. 76. The development of Proto-Nordic personal names 664
86. 77. The development of Proto-Nordic place-names 671
87. 78. Sociolinguistic perspectives and language contact in Proto-Nordic 685
88. IX. From Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic (from the 6th Century until 1100)
89. 79 . From Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic: Definition and delimitation of the period 691
90. 80. The sources of the transitional period between Ancient Nordic and Old Nordic 698
91. 81. Phonological and graphematic developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 703
92. 82. Morphological developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 719
93. 83. Syntactic developments from Ancient Nordic t o Old Nordic 729
94. 84. Lexical developments from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 733
95. 85. Developments of personal names from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 745
96. 86. The development of place-names from Ancient Nordic to Old Nordic 753
97. 87. Sociolinguistic perspectives in the transitional period between Proto-Nordic and Old-Nordic 761
98. 88. Language contact in the period between Ancient Nordic and Old Nordic 769
99. X. Old Nordic (from 1100 to the mid- 1 4th century) I: General survey, tradition
100. 89. Nordic history in the Middle Ages and the extension of Nordic: Cultural and historical preconditions of language 778
101. 90. Old Nordic: A definition and delimitation of the period 787
102. 91. The history of Old Nordic manuscripts I: Old Icelandic 793
103. 92. The history of Old Nordic manuscripts II: Old Norwegian (incl . Faroese) 801
104. 93. The history of Old Nordic manuscripts III: Old Swedish 808
105. 94. The history of Old Nordic manuscripts IV: Old Danish 816
106. 95. The development of Latin script I: in Norway 824
107. 96. The development of Latin script II: in Iceland 832
108. 97. The development of Latin script III: in Sweden 841
109. 98. The development of Latin script IV: in Denmark 850
110. 99. History of Old Nordic metrics 856
111. XI. Old Nordic II: Grammatical system, lexicon, texts
112. 100 . The various Old Nordic dialects, their systems and their typology: A general survey of the classical Old Nordic of the High Middle Ages 871
113. 101. The phonological systems of Old Nordic I: Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian 882
114. 102. The phonological systems of Old Nordic II: Old Swedish and Old Danish 896
115. 103. The morphology of Old Nordic I: Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian 911
116. 104. The morphology of Old Nordic II: Old Swedish and Old Danish 925
117. 105. The syntax of Old Nordic 940
118. 106. The Old Nordic lexicon 951
119. 107. The development of Old Nordic personal names 963
120. 108. The development of Old Nordic place-names 972
121. 109. Old Nordic types of texts I: Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian 981
122. 110. Old Nordic types of texts II: Old Swedish and Old Danish 990
123. 111. Translations and interference by translation in Old Nordic I: Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian 1000
124. 112. Translations and interference by translation in Old Nordic II: Old Swedish and Old Danish 1005
125. XII. Old Nordic III: The ecology of language
126. 113. Dialects and written language in Old Nordic I: Old Norwegian and Old Icelandic 1015
127. 114. Dialects and written language in Old Nordic II: Old Danish and Old Swedish 1018
128. 115. Language contact during the Old Nordic period I: with the British Isles, Frisia and the Hanseatic League 1028
129. 116. Language contact during the Old Nordic period II: with Eastern Europe 1039
130. 117. Language contact during the Old Nordic period III: The impact of Christianity on Old Nordic 1045
131. 118. History and development of Old Nordic outside the Scandinavia of today 1053