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Consuls and Captives
Dutch-North African Diplomacy in the Early Modern Mediterranean
Language:
English
Published/Copyright:
2019
About this book
Analyzes how negotiations between Dutch consuls and North African rulers over the liberation of Dutch sailors helped create a new diplomatic order in the western Mediterranean.
This work offers a new perspective on the history of diplomacy in the western Mediterranean, examining how piracy and captivity at sea forced Protestant states from northwest Europe to develop complex relationships with Islamic North Africa. Tracing how Dutch diplomats and North African officials negotiated the liberation of Dutch sailors enslaved in the Maghrib, author Erica Heinsen-Roach argues that captivity and redemption helped shape (rather than undermine) a new diplomatic order in the western Mediterranean.
Making use of extensive archival research, Consuls and Captives shows how encounters with North African society led the Protestant North to adjust to the norms and practices of the western Mediterranean. Dutch consuls became state representatives, tasked with claiming the unconditional release of captives from the Netherlands. But caught between these directives and the realitiesof Maghribi politics, the diplomats consented to pay ransom, participated in what they considered lavish gift-giving practices, and began to pay tribute -- all practices that were departures from the norms the Dutch States General upheld in "doing" diplomacy.
In analyzing these adjustments, Heinsen-Roach brings into question earlier interpretations of diplomacy as a progressively evolving institution anchored in the western modern tradition. Consuls and Captives shows instead that early modern diplomacy in the western Mediterranean developed in uneven ways as a product of cultural encounters. With its compelling argument and wide-ranging evidence, this book willhave a strong appeal to scholars of early modern diplomacy, slavery, and Mediterranean history, as well as to specialists on the Dutch Republic.
Erica Heinsen-Roach is visiting assistant professor at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg.
This work offers a new perspective on the history of diplomacy in the western Mediterranean, examining how piracy and captivity at sea forced Protestant states from northwest Europe to develop complex relationships with Islamic North Africa. Tracing how Dutch diplomats and North African officials negotiated the liberation of Dutch sailors enslaved in the Maghrib, author Erica Heinsen-Roach argues that captivity and redemption helped shape (rather than undermine) a new diplomatic order in the western Mediterranean.
Making use of extensive archival research, Consuls and Captives shows how encounters with North African society led the Protestant North to adjust to the norms and practices of the western Mediterranean. Dutch consuls became state representatives, tasked with claiming the unconditional release of captives from the Netherlands. But caught between these directives and the realitiesof Maghribi politics, the diplomats consented to pay ransom, participated in what they considered lavish gift-giving practices, and began to pay tribute -- all practices that were departures from the norms the Dutch States General upheld in "doing" diplomacy.
In analyzing these adjustments, Heinsen-Roach brings into question earlier interpretations of diplomacy as a progressively evolving institution anchored in the western modern tradition. Consuls and Captives shows instead that early modern diplomacy in the western Mediterranean developed in uneven ways as a product of cultural encounters. With its compelling argument and wide-ranging evidence, this book willhave a strong appeal to scholars of early modern diplomacy, slavery, and Mediterranean history, as well as to specialists on the Dutch Republic.
Erica Heinsen-Roach is visiting assistant professor at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg.
Topics
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Frontmatter
i -
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Contents
vii -
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List of Figures
ix -
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Acknowledgments
xi -
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Introduction
1 - Part One. Encountering “Barbary,” 1596–1622
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1 Global Treaty Making: From Morocco to Constantinople
17 -
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2 Captivity and Diplomacy in Algiers and Tunis
37 - Part Two. Transformations, 1616–30
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3 The Consul as State Representative
59 -
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4 Ransoming Is the Norm
77 - Part Three. Confrontations, 1651–83
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5 Collective Redemption: Naval Violence and Hostage Taking
99 -
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6 A True Public Minister: Consuls and Jewish Mediators
118 -
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7 The Reluctant State
138 - Part Four. Normative Relations, 1679–1726
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8 The Cannon as Gift: Institutionalizing the Problem
159 -
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Epilogue
179 -
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List of Abbreviations
187 -
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Notes
189 -
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Bibliography
223 -
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Index
237
Publishing information
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook published on:
January 30, 2024
eBook ISBN:
9781787446977
Original publisher:
University of Rochester Press
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook ISBN:
9781787446977
Keywords for this book
Dutch consuls; North African rulers; diplomacy; western Mediterranean; negotiations; Dutch sailors; liberation; diplomatic order; early modern diplomacy; cultural encounters; history; Mediterranean history; diplomacy history
Audience(s) for this book
For an expert adult audience, including professional development and academic research
