CONTENTS

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
3. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE NOTES viii
4. CONTENTS ix
5. CHAPTER 1. THE CHINESE ARMIES PRIOR TO 1895 1
6. CHAPTER 2. THE CREATION OF THE NEW-STYLE ARMIES, 1895-1897 51
7. CHAPTER 3. THE HUNDRED DAYS AND THE BOXER REBELLION, 1898-1900 90
8. CHAPTER 4. MILITARY MODERNIZATION UNDER THE EMPRESS-DOWAGER, 1901-1903 129
9. CHAPTER 5. MILITARY AND ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM, 1904-1906 166
10. CHAPTER 6. PROGRESS IN MILITARY TRAINING AND ORGANIZATION, 1904-1906 200
11. CHAPTER 7. THE COLLAPSE OF THE OLD ORDER, 1907-1911 243
12. CHAPTER 8. THE ARMY AND THE REVOLUTION OF 1911 286
13. CHAPTER 9. CONCLUSIONS 338
14. BIBLIOGRAPHY 345
15. GLOSSARY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS 359
16. INDEX 371