CONTENTS

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. PREFACE v
3. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
4. CONTENTS ix
5. I. Introduction 1
6. II. The Young Ottomans 10
7. III. The Islamic Intellectual Heritage of the Young Ottomans 81
8. IV. Turkish Political Elites in the Nineteenth Century 107
9. V. The Young Ottomans and the Ottoman Past 133
10. VI. Sadik Rifat Paşa: the Introduction of New Ideas at the Governmental Level 169
11. VII. The Immediate Institutional and Intellectual Antecedents of the Young Ottomans 196
12. VIII. Şinasi: the Birth of Public Opinion 252
13. IX. Mustafa Fazil Pasa: Mid-Nineteenth-Century Liberalism 276
14. X. Namik Kemal: the Synthesis 283
15. XI. Ziya Paşa: Philosophical Insecurity 337
16. XII. AIi Suavi: the Zealot 360
17. XIII. Hayreddin Paşa: the Attempt to Compromise 385
18. XIV. Conclusions 396
19. Bibliography 409
20. Index 441