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Human Forms

The Novel in the Age of Evolution
  • and
Language: English
Published/Copyright: 2019

About this book

A major rethinking of the European novel and its relationship to early evolutionary science

The 120 years between Henry Fielding's Tom Jones (1749) and George Eliot's Middlemarch (1871) marked both the rise of the novel and the shift from the presumption of a stable, universal human nature to one that changes over time. In Human Forms, Ian Duncan reorients our understanding of the novel's formation during its cultural ascendancy, arguing that fiction produced new knowledge in a period characterized by the interplay between literary and scientific discourses—even as the two were separating into distinct domains.

Duncan focuses on several crisis points: the contentious formation of a natural history of the human species in the late Enlightenment; the emergence of new genres such as the Romantic bildungsroman; historical novels by Walter Scott and Victor Hugo that confronted the dissolution of the idea of a fixed human nature; Charles Dickens's transformist aesthetic and its challenge to Victorian realism; and George Eliot's reckoning with the nineteenth-century revolutions in the human and natural sciences. Modeling the modern scientific conception of a developmental human nature, the novel became a major experimental instrument for managing the new set of divisions—between nature and history, individual and species, human and biological life—that replaced the ancient schism between animal body and immortal soul.

The first book to explore the interaction of European fiction with "the natural history of man" from the late Enlightenment through the mid-Victorian era, Human Forms sets a new standard for work on natural history and the novel.

Author / Editor information

Ian Duncan is professor and Florence Green Bixby Chair in English at the University of California, Berkeley. His books include Scott's Shadow: The Novel in Romantic Edinburgh (Princeton).

Reviews

"Duncan teases out, in intimate detail, the deep engagement between putatively Romantic and Victorian modes of thought and writing. This insight should give present studies of the novel renewed urgency. . . . Human Forms casts a bright light on the nineteenth-century novel not simply as an accessory to scientific thought, but as a powerful instrument for formulating questions about the status of the human as a social and biological problem"---Devin Griffiths, Modern Philology --- "[An] exhilarating study which follows in the footsteps of Gillian Beer, Sally Shuttleworth, and George Levine in exploring the resonances between nineteenth-century literature and science."---David Womersley, Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 --- "Duncan’s study is a wide ranging, superbly researched and brilliantly written account of the ways in which the history of the novel is interwoven with the emergence of the new discourse of ‘natural'history, and its logic of an organic transformation of forms and kinds.’ . . . . Human Forms is a rich and brilliant examination of the complex dynamics between the history of scientific ideas and the development of the novel and, as such, will be invaluable to all those interested in Victorian fiction."---Iain Crawford, Dickens Quarterly

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    Frontmatter

    i
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    Contents

    vii
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    Acknowledgments

    ix
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    Introduction. The Human Age

    1
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    Chapter Two. The Form of the Novel

    55
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    Chapter Three. Lamarckian Historical Romance

    86
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    Chapter Four. Dickens

    123
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    Chapter Five. George Eliot’s Science Fiction

    158
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    Notes

    201
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    Bibliography

    249
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    Index

    279
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Publishing information
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook published on:
October 21, 2019
eBook ISBN:
9780691194189
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
View content
https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691194189
eBook ISBN: 9780691194189
Keywords for this book
Bildungsroman; Bildung; Charles Darwin; Narrative; Herder; Historical fiction; Romanticism; George Eliot; Poetry; Fiction; Hypothesis; Immanence; Lamarckism; Writing; Conjectural history; Modernity; On the Origin of Species; Science of man; Genre; Philosophy; Novel; Philosopher; Lecture; Consciousness; Herbert Spencer; Historical romance; Science; Treatise; Literature; Teratology; English novel; Narration; Scottish Enlightenment; Rhetoric; Prose; Science fiction; Homo duplex; Theory; Evolutionism; Daniel Deronda; Analogy; Literary realism; The Realist; Charles Lyell; Philosophical anthropology; The Descent of Man; and Selection in Relation to Sex; Henri Bergson; Explanation; Allusion; Anthropocentrism; Franco Moretti; Allegory; Novelist; Anatomy; Johann Friedrich Blumenbach; P. J. Conkwright; Philosophy of biology; Seminar; Font Bureau; Dialectic; Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation; Historicism; Sensibility; A Treatise of Human Nature; Evocation; Principles of Geology; Mary Shelley; Scientist; Thought; Theory of Forms
Audience(s) for this book
For a non-specialist adult audience
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