The Translation and Refraction of Symbolism

Chapters in this book

1. Prelim pages 1
2. General preface to all volumes published as part of the "Comparative History of Literatures" 5
3. Table of contents 7
4. Introduction 9
5. I. The Delimitation of Symbolism as a Literary Movement
6. What is Symbolism? 17
7. The Structure of the Symbolist Movement 29
8. Presence and Poetry of Stéphane Mallarmé 43
9. II. The French Cénacle
10. The Background of French Symbolism 67
11. The Language of Symbolism 85
12. Symbolist Imagery 101
13. The Fate of Symbolism 119
14. III. The Emergence of the International Symbolist Movement
15. Section A: Catalysts and Intermediaries
16. The Liberated Verse of the English Translators of French Symbolism 127
17. German Poets in the Proximity of Baudelaire and the Symbolists 145
18. A Graver Decadence 157
19. The Translation and Refraction of Symbolism 165
20. Section B: Diffusion and Symbiosis
21. On the Spread of Symbolism 183
22. Models for Symbolism and Expressionism 191
23. Symbolism and Modernism 213
24. The Symbolist Mode in the Spanish American Modernista Novel, 1885–1924 229
25. IV. The Consolidation and Metamorphosis of the Symbolist Imprint
26. Expectation and Resignation 255
27. Valéry and his International Reputation 269
28. Yeats 279
29. Eliot 295
30. D’Annunzio and International Symbolism 311
31. Juan Ramón Jiménez and the Heritage of Symbolism in Hispanic Poetry 335
32. Jorge Guillén and the Symbolist Imprint on the Generation of the 1920’s 347
33. The Symbolist Turn in Endre Ady’s Poetry 361
34. Andrey Bely and the Symbolist Movement in Russia 381
35. V. Typological Studies
36. The “Beyond” and the “Within” 399
37. Symbolist Theater 413
38. The Symbol in the Austrian Literature of the Turn of the Century 425
39. Contribution to a Typology of Symbolist Painting 437
40. Displacements of Parental Space 455
41. VI. The Symbolist Inmpact on Music and Art
42. Symbolist Music 471
43. Musical Settings of Symbolist Poems 483
44. Symbolism in Alexander Scriabin’s Music 493
45. The Spread and Evolution of Symbolist Ideals in Art 499
46. The Other Symbolist Inheritance in Painting 519
47. The Esthetics of Symbolism in French and Belgian 529
48. VII. Some National Perspectives
49. Symbolism in Portuguese Literature 549
50. The Symbolist Movement in Belgium 565
51. Early Scnadinavian Symbolism 575
52. Symbolism in Denmark 587
53. Symbolism and Finnish Literature 595
54. Symbolism in Baltic Literatures 603
55. Polish Symbolism 609
56. Czech Symbolist Poetry 617
57. Symbolist Elements in Serbian Poetry 627
58. Symbolism in Bulgarian Literature 641
59. Symbolism in Greece 647
60. Aspects of Symbolist Poetry in The United States 653
61. VIII. Symbolism in Other Contexts
62. Symbolic Statement 661
63. Darió and Rodó 669
64. Conclusion 681
65. Bibliography 699
66. Index 718