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Functions of KLK4 and MMP-20 in dental enamel formation
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Yuhe Lu
Published/Copyright:
May 15, 2008
Abstract
Two proteases are secreted into the enamel matrix of developing teeth. The early protease is enamelysin (MMP-20). The late protease is kallikrein 4 (KLK4). Mutations in MMP20 and KLK4 both cause autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta, a condition featuring soft, porous enamel containing residual protein. MMP-20 is secreted along with enamel proteins by secretory-stage ameloblasts. Enamel protein-cleavage products accumulate in the space between the crystal ribbons, helping to support them. MMP-20 steadily cleaves accumulated enamel proteins, so their concentration decreases with depth. KLK4 is secreted by transition- and maturation-stage ameloblasts. KLK4 aggressively degrades the retained organic matrix following the termination of enamel protein secretion. The principle functions of MMP-20 and KLK4 in dental enamel formation are to facilitate the orderly replacement of organic matrix with mineral, generating an enamel layer that is harder, less porous, and unstained by retained enamel proteins.
Keywords: amelogenesis imperfecta; EMSP1; enamelysin; kallikrein; matrix metalloproteinase; tooth enamel
Published Online: 2008-05-15
Published in Print: 2008-06-01
©2008 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Articles in the same Issue
- Editorial
- Kallikreins and kallikrein-related peptidases
- Guest Editorial
- The 2nd International Symposium on Kallikreins and Kallikrein-Related Peptidases (ISK 2007) and the Commemorative Gold Medal of the E.K. Frey–E. Werle Foundation of the Henning L. Voigt Family
- Highlight: Kallikrein, kinins and kallikrein-related peptidases
- Structures and specificity of the human kallikrein-related peptidases KLK 4, 5, 6, and 7
- Development of peptides specifically modulating the activity of KLK2 and KLK3
- Kallikreins and proteinase-mediated signaling: proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) and the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases and cancer
- Prostatic trypsin-like kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) and other prostate-expressed tryptic proteinases as regulators of signalling via proteinase-activated receptors (PARs)
- Human tissue kallikreins as promiscuous modulators of homeostatic skin barrier functions
- A potential role for tissue kallikrein-related peptidases in human cervico-vaginal physiology
- microRNAs: a new frontier in kallikrein research
- Functions of KLK4 and MMP-20 in dental enamel formation
- Genetic deficiency in tissue kallikrein activity in mouse and man: effect on arteries, heart and kidney
- Development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the kallikrein-kinin system – new insights from B1 and B2 receptor signaling
- Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy-induced inflammation and apoptosis are attenuated by gene deletion of the kinin B1 receptor
- Attenuation of left ventricular dysfunction by an ACE inhibitor after myocardial infarction in a kininogen-deficient rat model
- Tissue kallikrein and kinin infusion promotes neovascularization in limb ischemia
- Kallikreins as microRNA targets: an in silico and experimental-based analysis
- Kallikreins are associated with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and promote neurodegeneration
- Immunofluorometric activity-based probe analysis of active KLK6 in biological fluids
- Kallikrein 6 is a mediator of K-RAS-dependent migration of colon carcinoma cells
- Gene expression changes associated with the anti-angiogenic activity of kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- An AKT activity threshold regulates androgen-dependent and androgen-independent PSA expression in prostate cancer cell lines
- Quantitative RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemical localization of the kallikrein-related peptidases 13 and 14 in lung
Keywords for this article
amelogenesis imperfecta;
EMSP1;
enamelysin;
kallikrein;
matrix metalloproteinase;
tooth enamel
Articles in the same Issue
- Editorial
- Kallikreins and kallikrein-related peptidases
- Guest Editorial
- The 2nd International Symposium on Kallikreins and Kallikrein-Related Peptidases (ISK 2007) and the Commemorative Gold Medal of the E.K. Frey–E. Werle Foundation of the Henning L. Voigt Family
- Highlight: Kallikrein, kinins and kallikrein-related peptidases
- Structures and specificity of the human kallikrein-related peptidases KLK 4, 5, 6, and 7
- Development of peptides specifically modulating the activity of KLK2 and KLK3
- Kallikreins and proteinase-mediated signaling: proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) and the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases and cancer
- Prostatic trypsin-like kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) and other prostate-expressed tryptic proteinases as regulators of signalling via proteinase-activated receptors (PARs)
- Human tissue kallikreins as promiscuous modulators of homeostatic skin barrier functions
- A potential role for tissue kallikrein-related peptidases in human cervico-vaginal physiology
- microRNAs: a new frontier in kallikrein research
- Functions of KLK4 and MMP-20 in dental enamel formation
- Genetic deficiency in tissue kallikrein activity in mouse and man: effect on arteries, heart and kidney
- Development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and the kallikrein-kinin system – new insights from B1 and B2 receptor signaling
- Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy-induced inflammation and apoptosis are attenuated by gene deletion of the kinin B1 receptor
- Attenuation of left ventricular dysfunction by an ACE inhibitor after myocardial infarction in a kininogen-deficient rat model
- Tissue kallikrein and kinin infusion promotes neovascularization in limb ischemia
- Kallikreins as microRNA targets: an in silico and experimental-based analysis
- Kallikreins are associated with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and promote neurodegeneration
- Immunofluorometric activity-based probe analysis of active KLK6 in biological fluids
- Kallikrein 6 is a mediator of K-RAS-dependent migration of colon carcinoma cells
- Gene expression changes associated with the anti-angiogenic activity of kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- An AKT activity threshold regulates androgen-dependent and androgen-independent PSA expression in prostate cancer cell lines
- Quantitative RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemical localization of the kallikrein-related peptidases 13 and 14 in lung
