East-West Center Press
The “right to communicate” is an evolving and expanding concept that was first enunciated in 1969 by Jean d’Arcy. This collection of 22 original essays takes the first comprehensive look at this emerging idea and examines it from the ideologically and culturally varied viewpoints of the contributors.
The right to communicate is comprised of all the familiar rights of press, speech, opinion--as found in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights--as well as of the concerns for privacy, and access to media and information. But as the essays here show, the right to communicate is more than a collection or reorganization of familiar rights, going far beyond them so as to merit being called a “new human right.”
surface. Heat received from the sun dominates all other components of the heat exchange and directly influences the many varied and complex processes taking place in the surface layers of the atmosphere and ocean. It thereby determines the driving forces for all weather systems, of which the monsoon circulation is a striking example. The International Indian Ocean Expedition provided the opportunity to increase substantially an understanding of the distributions of solar radiation and other components of the radiative exchange by means of continuous measurements at several locations.
This monograph describes a series of stations established to measure the amount of radiant heat received from the sun and atmosphere and discusses the results of an analysis of data obtained from them for 1963 and 1964. Information on cloudiness and water-surface temperature was used in the analysis for computing the remaining components of the net exchange of thermal radiation to arrive at monthly averages of net radiative exchange for the two years.
An Investigation of Heat Exchange will be of special interest to meteorologists, physical oceanographers, marine biologists, and limnologists, as well as anyone needing information on the distributions of solar radiation and net radiative exchange for the Indian Ocean north of 25S latitude.
The Republic of China, Taiwan, like several other Asian nations, has in recent years carried out a land reform program of far-reaching importance. Martin M. C. Yang, professor of Rural Sociology in the College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University, here presents a thorough analysis of that program.
Among other topics of interest, he discusses the needs, objectives, and the policies and methods used to initiate the program as well as its later effects on morale, agricultural improvement, living conditions, social structure, and social relations, including the changes it brought about in the power structure and leadership in rural communities. In scope, the study encompasses such interdisciplinary fields as sociology, social anthropology, and agricultural economics.
Guided by the concepts of Islam, machinery for social and political progress in West Pakistan, where nearly eighty percent of the population is rural, is gradually being developed. This, coupled with an improvement in literacy, may well trigger significant advances in the next generation. Conversely, if normal development is retarded, a potentially disastrous situation could result.
In all developing countries of the world, education in rural areas has always presented an array of difficult problems. Although the strategy for rural education has to be different for different climes and cultures, most of the basic problems have common features. The agricultural population is conservative and their economic position necessitates optimal utilization of all human and material resources. However, all developing nations are now realizing more intensely than ever before that sheer exploitation of physical resources would not accelerate economic growth unless due preference is given to the development of human resources.
Here, written from the viewpoint of a Pakistani scholar, is a much-needed progress report which encompasses the impact of educational, social, political, and health education programs in the rural population as well as an analysis of these programs in their wider historical perspective.
While it is unlikely that man will ever devise a means of preventing tsunamis-more commonly known in the West by the misnomer "tidal waves"-scientists today are constantly adding to our knowledge of their nature, sources, and causes, and, through the development of highly refined technical instrumentation, are making possible early-warning systems that already, even in these early stages, are proving of significant value.
In October, 1969, an International Symposium on Tsunamis and Tsunami Research was held at the East-West Center, University of Hawaii. Participants included representatives from Austalia, Canada, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, U.S.S.R., and the U.S.A. Sponsored jointly by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Tsunami Committee and the East-West Center, the major seminars were devoted to (1) Seismic Source and Energy Transfer, (2) Tsunami Instrumentation, (3) Tsunami Propagation and Run-up.
This volume contains more than 30 of the papers presented at that Symposium. Recent developments and future plans for the Pacific Tsunami Warning System are included.
Advaita Vedanta is the most important philosophical system in India. It involves a discipline of spiritual experience as well as a technical philosophy, and since the time of Samkara in the ninth century some of the greatest intellects in India have contributed to its development.
In his reconstruction of Advaita Vedanta, Eliot Deutsch has lifted the system out of its historical/cultural context and has concentrated attention on those ideas which have enduring philosophical value. He has sought to formulate systematically one's understanding of what is of universal philosophical interest in Vedantic thought. Professor Deutsch's work covers the basic metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical ideas of Vedanta.
Students and scholars of Western as well as of Indian philosophy will be interested in the lucid, organized manner in which the material is presented and in the fresh interpretations given. The book is written in a critical rather than simply "pious" spirit and should thus also be of interest to anyone interested in deepening his or her appreciation and understanding of the richness of Indian thought.
Since January, 1965, weather satellites have made pictures at least once a day of the whole earth. Although at first the information was used primarily to help day-to-day weather forecasting, enough data has now accumulated for scientists to begin climatological studies in a new and serious way.
This monograph reports a pioneering attempt to describe and partly to account for the distribution of average cloudiness for each month from February, 1965, through January, 1967. The work, at first fancied to the Indian Ocean Tropics, was expanded to encompass the whole tropical zone between 30N and 30S. Hand averaging is being continued at the University of Hawaii beyond January 1967 in the expectation that computers will eventually take over the job.
The International Indian Ocean Expedition (1960-65) was designed to observe, describe, and possibly explain in the circulations of ocean and atmosphere, the exchanges across their interface, the chemical composition and distribution of living things in the ocean, and the bottom topography and coastal structure of an ocean which is more extensive than Asia and Africa combined.
Involving the scientific staffs and equipment of some 25 countries, 44 research vessels, and numerous airborne data-collecting devices and satellites, the expedition was planned by a scientific committee on ocean research (SCOR) of the International Council of Scientific Unions and was jointly sponsored by SCOR and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO.
It is too soon to say what impact the data from the Indian Ocean Expedition will have upon the lives and fortunes of the teeming peoples inhabiting the littoral of the Indian Ocean. However, the continued study of measurements made at the interface between air and sea may lead to the discovery of how, and to what degree, energy is exchanged between these two interlocked systems, and, when related to world-wide photography and radiometry by weather satellites, how these data can help define the roles of the various elements in the total atmospheric circulation.
These and other facets of general atmospheric circulation over the Indian Ocean are being co-operatively studied by Indian and American meteorologists.
Time-worn images of Korea as “a war-torn country” or “a divided land” are transformed here by a Korean who is deeply aware of his country's long history and is deeply involved in her modernization. Admitting that few countries have experienced more profound or puzzling transpositions in the last two decades, Mr. Lee maintains that few have Korea’s hope of becoming a truly modern nation.
Highlighting social and political transitions since 1945, and interrelating administrative measures taken during the period, the author introduces a “time-orientation approach” to administration, a theoretical framework of his own design, which stresses administrators’ time and attitude preferences in meeting social change.
The author is an exceptional scholar official. Although he began his career in the munities, the mature reflections in this book were made following graduate work in business administration at Harvard. Through four rapidly changing administrations and two revolutions he has served the Korean government as budget director, vice minister of finance, ambassador to Switzerland, Austria, the European Economic Community, and minister to the Vatican.
If there are those who believe principles of administration are universal or principles of production can be separated from cultural contexts, let them read The Other Worker.
After six years' collaboration, alternately living in and working in the other's country, an American and a Japanese author present a study which combines an institutional approach to industrial relations in Japan and the United States with empirical data from a questionnaire survey of 2,000 "rank and file" workers.
Industrial planners and people involved with international relations on either side of the Pacific will find surprising insight into the "other workers" perceptions of their obligations to their culture and their jobs, their feelings of responsibility toward management, and management's responsibilities to them.
The professional lives of the authors seem to parallel. The Other Worker was prepared for publication while both men were senior specialists at the East-West Center in Honolulu. Both have published widely in their separate countries, both have been involved in exchange Fulbright programs, and both are in demand as management consultants.
Exploring a vast area where failure of monsoon rains can have disastrous results, Structure of an Arabian Sea Summer Monsoon System is the first of a series of atlases and monographs to be published about the meteorological phase (1963-64) of the International Indian Ocean Expedition
The International Indian Ocean Expedition (1960-65) was designed to observe, describe, and possibly explain the circulations of ocean and atmosphere, the exchanges across their interface, the chemical composition and distribution of living things in the ocean, and the bottom topography and coastal structure of an ocean which is more extensive than Asia and Africa combined.
Involving the scientific staffs and equipment of some 25 countries, 44 research vessels, and numerous airborne data-collecting devices and satellites, the expedition was planned by a scientific committee on oceanic research (SCOR) of the International Council of Scientific Unions and was jointly sponsored by SCOR and UNESCO.
What are the basic, unique characteristics of the Chinese mind, of the Chinese philosophical tradition, and of the Chinese culture based upon that thought-tradition? Here, in a series of living essays by men of exceptional competence, is an interdisciplinary approach to the essentials of Chinese philosophy and culture.
These essays are selected chapters from the Proceedings of the four East-West Philosophers’ Conferences held at the University of Hawaii (1939, 1949, 1959, 1964). This volume, published jointly with the University of Hawaii Press, is one in a series of three; the two succeeding volumes will be The Indian Mind and The Japanese Mind. All are intended for the educated reader as well as for the philosophy student and scholar. Though not designed as textbooks, they will provide an excellent base for courses in this area.
The question according to George P. Conger, noted authority on Indian philosophy, is not so much whether India can contribute as whether the West is ready to receive.
Here, in selected essays from the proceedings of the east-west philosophers conferences held during the last twenty-five years, is an examination by world authorities of one of the oldest, richest, most complicated, and most profound philosophical traditions of all time. The intimate relationship in Indian perspective between philosophy and life is revealed. Common misunderstandings concerning Indian philosophy are exposed, and the marked kinship between India and the West is emphasized.
Thailand, unique among the nations of Southeast Asia, has no colonial history. The Thai government, unlike those of neighboring counties, has not evolved under imposed foreign systems. While counties all around her were experiencing domination by foreign governments, Thailand, free of such domination, was developing its own bureaucratic form of government. The incendiary conditions surrounding the Indo-chinese section of the world, especially Viet-Nam, Laos, and Thailand, make mandatory an attempt to understand the baffling political milieu in which these conditions occur.
The author carefully traces the processes of change that have taken place in Thai politics and administration from the mid-nineteenth to the mid twentieth century, then takes a close look at contemporary Thai government as a bureaucratic polity. The final chapters are devoted to a more microscopic view of the bureaucratic life in Thailand. Taking the administration of the rice program as a focus, the author probes and dissects the cultural and social changes now taking place.
While the strike as such cannot be eliminated in a democratically oriented country, much can be done to shorten its duration and to minimize its impact on the community without encroaching on basic human rights and individual freedoms.
The rapid industrialization now taking place in the Pacific-Asian countries brings with it the serious problems of industrial relations. Realizing that the success and speed of the industrialization process will depend on the extent to which sound industrial relations stems are established in these countries, the East-West Center, in 1962, sponsored an important conference on the subject. This conference became the source of much that is contained in the present volume.
